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However, only about 100 have been evaluated as antigens in tuberculosis (TB) subunit vaccine development. In addition, no trained immunity-targeting subunit TB vaccine has been reported yet. This study tested Rv1471, a thioredoxin secreted by Mtb, as a candidate TB vaccine antigen due to its capacity to stimulate functional maturation of macrophages. Transcription analysis of Rv1471-trained macrophages indicated that innate immune memory was activated through pathways of Akt-mTOR-HIF-1\u03b1 and aerobic glycolysis. Rv1471 also enhanced innate immune memory responses and protection against intracellular infections of different mycobacteria. In a murine model of TB, immunization with Rv1471 produced robust antigen-specific multifunctional T-cell immune responses and had substantial protective efficacy against Mtb challenge. Analysis of recall immunity showed that the Rv1471 triggered robust T-cell immunity after Mtb infection. These findings support the development of an innate immune memory\u2013targeting subunit TB vaccine to increase vaccine efficacy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiae572","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,13]],"date-time":"2024-11-13T23:27:47Z","timestamp":1731540467000},"page":"1127-1140","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/i>\n                    Antigen Rv1471 Induces Innate Immune Memory and Adaptive Immunity Against Infection"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"231","author":[{"given":"Xuejiao","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Fudan University , Shanghai ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Shanghai Institute of Infectious 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