{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T00:01:06Z","timestamp":1792195266488,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Liberian Ministry of Health"},{"name":"Laulima Government Solutions, LLC"},{"name":"NIH\/NIAID","award":["HHSN272201800013C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN272201800013C"]}]},{"name":"NIH\/NIAID","award":["Laulima Government Solutions, LLC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Laulima Government Solutions, LLC"]}]},{"name":"Tunnell Government Services"},{"name":"Laulima Government Solutions, LLC","award":["HHSN272201800013C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN272201800013C"]}]},{"name":"Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021671","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN261201500003I"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN261201500003I"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021671","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021671","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["75N91019D00024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["75N91019D00024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021671","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>While vaccine antigen-induced antibodies are often used as proxies for vaccine efficacy, immune responses to vaccine vectors are less well-defined. We describe the kinetics of immunoglobulin (IgG) responses against the vector (vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus [VSIV]) nucleoprotein (N) and the inserted antigen (Ebola virus [EBOV]) glycoprotein (GP1,2) components of the rVSV-ZEBOV vaccine and evaluate their use as biomarkers to confirm self-reported vaccination status.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We selected 212 participants randomized to rVSV-ZEBOV (n = 107) or placebo (n = 105). Levels of IgG antibodies to EBOV GP1,2 or VSIV N were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and a newly developed single-molecule array (Simoa) immunoassay, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Anti-EBOV GP1,2 and anti-VSIV N IgG were first detected 10-14 days postvaccination, further increased at 28 days, and remained stable through 360 days. Antibody titers were significantly correlated (P &amp;lt; 0.001) at 28 days (r = 0.47), 180 days (r = 0.45), and 360 days (r = 0.59). At 28 days, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) discriminated vaccinated from unvaccinated patients with high accuracy (AUC = 0.965 for anti-VSIV N IgG; AUC = 0.945 for anti-EBOV GP1,2 IgG [P &amp;lt; 0.001]).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We report a reliable assay to measure vector-induced humoral responses after rVSV-ZEBOV vaccination and demonstrate the assay's utility to confirm vaccination status.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiae632","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,24]],"date-time":"2024-12-24T13:26:28Z","timestamp":1735046788000},"page":"1004-1014","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Vector-Induced Humoral Responses After rVSV\u0394G-ZEBOV-GP Immunization Identify Vaccinated Individuals and Correlate With Ebola Virus Glycoprotein Antibodies"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"232","author":[{"given":"Prabha","family":"Chandrasekaran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8555-5352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irina Maljkovic","family":"Berry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viviane","family":"Callier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research , Frederick, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott M","family":"Anthony","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krystle","family":"Hensley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7800-6045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jens H","family":"Kuhn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn","family":"Shaw-Saliba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Collaborative Clinical Research Branch, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen B","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Liberia-Pacific Institute for Research & Evaluation (UL-PIRE) Africa Center, University of Liberia, Monrovia ,","place":["Liberia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Kieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Liberia-Pacific Institute for Research & Evaluation (UL-PIRE) Africa Center, University of Liberia, Monrovia ,","place":["Liberia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah M","family":"Browne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Liberia-Pacific Institute for Research & Evaluation (UL-PIRE) Africa Center, University of Liberia, Monrovia ,","place":["Liberia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2485-4011","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ian","family":"Crozier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research , Frederick, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard T","family":"Davey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Immunoregulation"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9509-1045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H Clifford","family":"Lane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Immunoregulation"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa E","family":"Hensley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4073-0393","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dean A","family":"Follmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics Research Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025101515134518200_jiae632-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1038\/s41417-022-00436-7","article-title":"Self-replicating vehicles based on negative strand RNA 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