{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T07:09:02Z","timestamp":1777100942007,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,25]],"date-time":"2024-12-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"International Congress of Immunology"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>CD4+ T cells expressing \u03b14\u03b27 are optimal targets for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections, with higher pre-HIV \u03b14\u03b27hi expression linked to increased HIV acquisition and progression in South African women. However, similar associations were not observed in men who have sex with men or people who inject drugs in the Americas, indicating need for further research.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This retrospective case-control study enrolled heterosexual men and women from South Africa (HIV Vaccine Trials Network [HVTN] 503) and East Africa (Partners Preexposure Prophylaxis\/Couples\u2019 Observational Study [PP\/COS]), quantifying \u03b14\u03b27 expression on CD4+ T cells as a predictor of subsequent HIV risk using flow cytometry analyses.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Associations between \u03b14\u03b27hi expression and HIV acquisition varied across cohorts. In HVTN 503, women had a higher risk estimate compared to men, but this was not significant. In PP\/COS, \u03b14\u03b27hi expression was generally protective, particularly in Ugandans. Additionally, \u03b14\u03b27hi expression inversely correlated with peak viral load in PP\/COS but not in HVTN 503; in the latter cohort, \u03b14\u03b27hi expression was inversely correlated with the CD4\/CD8 ratio and predicted rapid CD4+ T-cell decline, similar to what was observed previously in South Africa.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>These findings suggest that \u03b14\u03b27hi expression on CD4+ T cells may not predict HIV acquisition and progression in all contexts, which may be due to cohort effects, modes of transmission, viral clade, or other factors.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiae638","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,25]],"date-time":"2024-12-25T13:26:14Z","timestamp":1735133174000},"page":"e770-e780","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Pre\u2013Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) \u03b14\u03b27hi CD4+ T Cells and HIV Risk Among Heterosexual Individuals in Africa"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"231","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8047-266X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tosin E","family":"Omole","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huong Mai","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agata","family":"Marcinow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Myo Minn","family":"Oo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naima","family":"Jahan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aloysious","family":"Ssemaganda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Severini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katherine K","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Connie","family":"Celum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health"},{"name":"Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Washington , Seattle"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nelly","family":"Mugo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health"},{"name":"Sexual Reproductive and Adolescent Child Health Research Program, Kenya Medical Research Institute , Nairobi"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Mujugira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health"},{"name":"Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University , Kampala ,","place":["Uganda"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1279-3741","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James","family":"Kublin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV Vaccine Trials Network"},{"name":"Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center , Seattle, Washington"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2179-2436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lawrence","family":"Corey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV Vaccine Trials Network"},{"name":"Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center , Seattle, Washington"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9215-5285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aida","family":"Sivro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Mucosal Immunology Laboratory, Centre for the AIDS Program of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA) , Durban"},{"name":"JC Wilt Infectious Disease Research Centre, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada , Winnipeg, Manitoba"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, University of KwaZulu-Natal , Durban ,","place":["South Africa"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jairam R","family":"Lingappa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health"},{"name":"Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Washington , Seattle"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Glenda","family":"Gray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV Vaccine Trials Network"},{"name":"Office of the President, South African Medical Research Council , Cape 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