{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T05:43:59Z","timestamp":1784958239895,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]],"date-time":"2025-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736294400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["JP24K12522"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP24K12522"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"AMED","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP21fk0108605"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP21fk0108605"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"AMED","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP24fk0108697"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP24fk0108697"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>It has been suggested that the emergence of ceftriaxone-resistant strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae involves the incorporation of the penA gene from commensal Neisseria spp that are resistant to ceftriaxone. However, the mechanism of this mosaic penA generation is unknown.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We obtained 10 strains of commensal Neisseria spp showing ceftriaxone minimum inhibitory concentration \u22650.5\u2005mg\/L. The similarity of the penA gene region of these commensal Neisseria spp strains and some ceftriaxone-resistant N. gonorrhoeae strains was investigated. To obtain transformants, a commensal Neisseria spp, Neisseria lactamica, genomic DNA was used as donor DNA and a N. gonorrhoeae strain as the recipient.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The sequence similarity in certain regions of penA-murE between some of the commensal Neisseria spp strains and the N. gonorrhoeae FC428 strain was very high. The sequence of these regions was very similar among some ceftriaxone-resistant strains of Neisseria spp. The PenA of the transformants matched the full PenA60 of the original FC428 strain. Furthermore, our findings indicated that the source of resistance could have been a penA fragment derived from Neisseria spp that originally carried the same sequence.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We suggest that FC428 developed ceftriaxone resistance by acquiring part of the penA\u2013murE gene region from N. lactamica through horizontal gene transfer. The ceftriaxone-resistant N. lactamica in this study may also have emerged by acquiring part of penA from other Neisseria spp. Our data provide insights into the understanding of the mechanism underlying the evolution of drug-resistant gonorrhea-causing strains.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaf008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,6]],"date-time":"2025-01-06T07:13:15Z","timestamp":1736147595000},"page":"152-161","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Emergence of Ceftriaxone-Resistant <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/i> Through Horizontal Gene Transfer Among <i>Neisseria<\/i> Species"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"232","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1416-4116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ken","family":"Shimuta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases , Tokyo ,","place":["Japan"]},{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases , Tokyo ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1818-5029","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuki","family":"Ohama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases , Tokyo ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shin","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"iClinic , Sendai City ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinji","family":"Hoshina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hoshina Clinic , Kyoto ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideyuki","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases , Tokyo ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gene","family":"Igawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases , Tokyo ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Misato","family":"Dorin Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases , Tokyo ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5325-4173","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yukihiro","family":"Akeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases , Tokyo ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Makoto","family":"Ohnishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases , Tokyo ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.15620\/cdc:82532","volume-title":"Antibiotic resistance threats in the United States","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2019"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-019-0128-6","article-title":"Gonorrhoea","volume":"5","author":"Unemo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1071\/SH18227","article-title":"Using the genetic characteristics of Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains with decreased susceptibility to cefixime to develop a molecular assay to predict cefixime susceptibility","volume":"16","author":"Deng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sex Health"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1038\/332173a0","article-title":"Hybrid penicillin-binding proteins in penicillin-resistant strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae","volume":"332","author":"Spratt","year":"1988","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.1989.tb00101.x","article-title":"Penicillin-binding protein 2 genes of non-beta-lactamase-producing, penicillin-resistant strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae","volume":"3","author":"Dowson","year":"1989","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3744","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.12.3744-3749.2002","article-title":"Mosaic-like structure of penicillin-binding protein 2 gene (penA) in clinical isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae with reduced susceptibility to cefixime","volume":"46","author":"Ameyama","year":"2002","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.1.137-143.2005","article-title":"Emergence and spread of Neisseria gonorrhoeae clinical isolates harboring mosaic-like structure of penicillin-binding protein 2 in central Japan","volume":"49","author":"Ito","year":"2005","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01307-06","article-title":"Further questions regarding the role of mosaic penA sequences in conferring reduced susceptibility to ceftriaxone in Neisseria gonorrhoeae","volume":"51","author":"Whiley","year":"2007","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1007\/s10156-008-0610-7","article-title":"Analysis of amino acid sequences of penicillin-binding protein 2 in clinical isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae with reduced susceptibility to cefixime and ceftriaxone","volume":"14","author":"Osaka","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Infect Chemother"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3538","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00325-11","article-title":"Is Neisseria gonorrhoeae initiating a future era of untreatable gonorrhea?: detailed characterization of the first strain with high-level resistance to ceftriaxone","volume":"55","author":"Ohnishi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1850","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1408109","article-title":"A new multidrug-resistant strain of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Australia","volume":"371","author":"Lahra","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2201.150868","article-title":"New clinical strain of Neisseria gonorrhoeae with decreased susceptibility to ceftriaxone, Japan","volume":"22","author":"Deguchi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4339","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00504-16","article-title":"New ceftriaxone- and multidrug-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae strain with a novel mosaic penA gene isolated in Japan","volume":"60","author":"Nakayama","year":"2016","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkz530","article-title":"Emergence of ceftriaxone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains harbouring a novel mosaic penA gene in China","volume":"75","author":"Xiu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1769","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkab104","article-title":"Molecular characterization of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates collected through a national surveillance programme in Japan, 2013: evidence of the emergence of a ceftriaxone-resistant strain from a ceftriaxone-susceptible lineage","volume":"76","author":"Hanao","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2683","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkad281","article-title":"Epigenetic effects of ceftriaxone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae FC428 mosaic-like sequences found in PenA sequences unique to Neisseria subflava and related species","volume":"78","author":"Kanesaka","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1186\/s12941-023-00614-x","article-title":"Identification of ceftriaxone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae FC428 clone and isolates harboring a novel mosaic penA gene in Chengdu in 2019\u20132020","volume":"22","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0199122","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.01991-22","article-title":"Canary in the coal mine: how resistance surveillance in commensals could help curb the spread of AMR in pathogenic Neisseria","volume":"13","author":"Goytia","year":"2022","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8988","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.22.8988","article-title":"Recruitment of a penicillin-binding protein gene from Neisseria flavescens during the emergence of penicillin resistance in Neisseria meningitidis","volume":"86","author":"Spratt","year":"1989","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2269","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.34.11.2269","article-title":"Neisseria lactamica and Neisseria polysaccharea as possible sources of meningococcal beta-lactam resistance by genetic transformation","volume":"34","author":"Saez-Nieto","year":"1990","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00182388","article-title":"Role of interspecies transfer of chromosomal genes in the evolution of penicillin resistance in pathogenic and commensal Neisseria species","volume":"34","author":"Spratt","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Mol Evol"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2015.08.025","article-title":"Role of penA polymorphisms for penicillin susceptibility in Neisseria lactamica and Neisseria meningitidis","volume":"305","author":"Karch","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.35.2.300","article-title":"Penicillin-resistant isolates of Neisseria lactamica produce altered forms of penicillin-binding protein 2 that arose by interspecies horizontal gene transfer","volume":"35","author":"Lujan","year":"1991","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2023.0256","article-title":"Affinity of beta-lactam antibiotics for Neisseria gonorrhoeae penicillin-binding protein 2 having wild, cefixime-reduced-susceptible, and cephalosporin (ceftriaxone)-resistant penA alleles","volume":"30","author":"Hiyama","year":"2024","journal-title":"Microb Drug Resist"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2958.2005.04964.x","article-title":"Natural transformation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae: from DNA donation to homologous recombination","volume":"59","author":"Hamilton","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1683","DOI":"10.3201\/eid3008.240139","article-title":"Surge in ceftriaxone-resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae FC428-like strains, Asia-Pacific region, 2015\u20132022","volume":"30","author":"Xiu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3029","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00093-13","article-title":"Identification of amino acids conferring high-level resistance to expanded-spectrum cephalosporins in the penA gene from Neisseria gonorrhoeae strain H041","volume":"57","author":"Tomberg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e02069-17","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02069-17","article-title":"Neisseria cinerea with high ceftriaxone MIC is an origin of ceftriaxone resistance-mediated penA sequences in Neisseria gonorrhoeae","volume":"62","author":"Igawa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B29","first-page":"001209","article-title":"Characterizing the diversity and commensal origins of penA mosaicism in the genus Neisseria","volume":"10","author":"Unitt","year":"2024","journal-title":"Microb Genom"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2019.02.011","article-title":"A real-time PCR assay for the detection of a penA mutation associated with ceftriaxone resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae","volume":"19","author":"Shimuta","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Glob Antimicrob Resist"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1885","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkae176","article-title":"The novel 2024 WHO Neisseria gonorrhoeae reference strains for global quality assurance of laboratory investigations and superseded WHO N. gonorrhoeae reference strains-phenotypic, genetic and reference genome characterization","volume":"79","author":"Unemo","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.055459-0","article-title":"Ribosomal multilocus sequence typing: universal characterization of bacteria from domain to strain","volume":"158","author":"Jolley","year":"2012","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1454","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00100-17","article-title":"Neisseria gonorrhoeae sequence typing for antimicrobial resistance, a novel antimicrobial resistance multilocus typing scheme for tracking global dissemination of N. gonorrhoeae strains","volume":"55","author":"Demczuk","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1060","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01010-09","article-title":"Spread of a chromosomal cefixime-resistant penA gene among different Neisseria gonorrhoeae lineages","volume":"54","author":"Ohnishi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3096","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkw288","article-title":"The novel 2016 WHO Neisseria gonorrhoeae reference strains for global quality assurance of laboratory investigations: phenotypic, genetic and reference genome characterization","volume":"71","author":"Unemo","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780183","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.780183","article-title":"Confirmation of the need for reclassification of Neisseria mucosa and Neisseria sicca using average nucleotide identity blast and phylogenetic analysis of whole-genome sequencing: hinted by clinical misclassification of a Neisseria mucosa strain","volume":"12","author":"Jin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.biochem.6b01030","article-title":"Alanine 501 mutations in penicillin-binding protein 2 from Neisseria gonorrhoeae: structure, mechanism, and effects on cephalosporin resistance and biological fitness","volume":"56","author":"Tomberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01905-17","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01905-17","article-title":"In vivo-selected compensatory mutations restore the fitness cost of mosaic penA alleles that confer ceftriaxone resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae","volume":"9","author":"Vincent","year":"2018","journal-title":"mBio"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1186\/s13073-021-00860-8","article-title":"Emergence and evolution of antimicrobial resistance genes and mutations in Neisseria gonorrhoeae","volume":"13","author":"Yahara","year":"2021","journal-title":"Genome Med"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6982","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.85.18.6982","article-title":"Identification and arrangement of the DNA sequence recognized in specific transformation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae","volume":"85","author":"Goodman","year":"1988","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1003458","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1003458","article-title":"Dialects of the DNA uptake sequence in Neisseriaceae","volume":"9","author":"Frye","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16070","DOI":"10.1038\/nmicrobiol.2016.70","article-title":"Uncovering oral Neisseria tropism and persistence using metagenomic sequencing","volume":"1","author":"Donati","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Microbiol"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910808701104","article-title":"Pyrosequencing analysis of the oral microflora of healthy adults","volume":"87","author":"Keijser","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-9-259","article-title":"Defining the healthy \u201ccore microbiome\u201d of oral microbial communities","volume":"9","author":"Zaura","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz365","article-title":"Decreased cephalosporin susceptibility of oropharyngeal Neisseria species in antibiotic-using men who have sex with men in Hanoi","volume":"70","author":"Dong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa565","article-title":"Markedly reduced azithromycin and ceftriaxone susceptibility in commensal Neisseria species in clinical samples from Belgian men who have sex with men","volume":"72","author":"Laumen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2022.151551","article-title":"Global epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance in commensal Neisseria species: a systematic review","volume":"312","author":"Vanbaelen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiz156","article-title":"Deciphering the impact of bystander selection for antibiotic resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae","volume":"221","author":"Olesen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2025073007425271000_jiaf008-B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e11835","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0011835","article-title":"Genome sequencing reveals widespread virulence gene exchange among human Neisseria species","volume":"5","author":"Marri","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/infdis\/jiaf008\/61382094\/jiaf008.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/article-pdf\/232\/1\/152\/61382094\/jiaf008.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/article-pdf\/232\/1\/152\/61382094\/jiaf008.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T11:43:05Z","timestamp":1753875785000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/article\/232\/1\/152\/7945739"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/infdis\/jiaf008","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-1899","1537-6613"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-1899","type":"print"},{"value":"1537-6613","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]]}}}