{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T05:46:04Z","timestamp":1790315164385,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]],"date-time":"2025-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742947200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Qatar Research Development and Innovation Council","award":["ARG01-0524-230321"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ARG01-0524-230321"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a highly infectious, globally prevalent lifelong infection. Despite advancements in understanding its epidemiology, the assortativeness in the age-dependent transmission patterns remains unclear. This study aimed to estimate the degree of assortativeness in age group mixing for oral-to-oral HSV-1 transmission within the United States (US) population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An age-structured mathematical model was employed to describe HSV-1 transmission dynamics in the US population, incorporating its different modes of transmission. The model was fitted to nationally representative HSV-1 data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 1976\u20132016 using a Bayesian inference framework. The degree of assortativeness in age group mixing was calibrated on a scale from 0 (no age group bias in close-proximity interactions) to 1 (exclusive mixing within the same age group).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The model demonstrated robust fits to US demographics, age-specific HSV-1 prevalence, and temporal trends in both HSV-1 prevalence and ever-symptomatic HSV-1 genital herpes prevalence. The degree of assortativeness was estimated as 0.87 (95% credible interval [CrI], .64\u2013.99) for children, indicating strong age-based assortativity, and as 0.04 (95% CrI, .004\u2013.10) for adults, indicating weak age-based assortativity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Most HSV-1 infections among children are acquired from peers within their own age group, whereas adults acquire HSV-1 infections from a broad range of age groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaf157","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,23]],"date-time":"2025-03-23T07:44:25Z","timestamp":1742715865000},"page":"e1151-e1159","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Age-Dependent Assortativeness in Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Oral Transmission in the United States: A Mathematical Modeling Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"231","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5876-853X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hassan","family":"Hachem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Disease Epidemiology Group, Weill Cornell Medicine\u2013Qatar, Cornell University, Qatar Foundation\u2013Education City , Doha ,","place":["Qatar"]},{"name":"Department of Healthcare Policy and Research, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University , New York, New York ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2512-6657","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Houssein H","family":"Ayoub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mathematics Program, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University , Doha ,","place":["Qatar"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0790-0506","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laith J","family":"Abu-Raddad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Disease Epidemiology Group, Weill Cornell Medicine\u2013Qatar, Cornell University, Qatar Foundation\u2013Education City , Doha ,","place":["Qatar"]},{"name":"Department of Healthcare Policy and Research, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University , New York, New York ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University , Doha ,","place":["Qatar"]},{"name":"College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad bin Khalifa University , Doha 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