{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T01:39:05Z","timestamp":1758591545914,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"Supplement_2","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009054","name":"United States President\u2019s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Mozambique National Health Institute"},{"name":"Zambia National Public Health Institutes"},{"name":"Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>National public health institutes (NPHIs) are governmental institutions with a public health mandate, which often includes reference laboratories, surveillance, outbreak preparedness and response, research, public health workforce, scientific communication to translate data into policy, and more. NPHIs are applying public health expertise to help end HIV\/AIDS as a public health threat by 2030, in coordination with other key stakeholders, including not just ministries of health but also national AIDS councils, bilateral and multilateral partners, the private sector, civil society, and others. The President\u2019s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) has invested in NPHIs to strengthen their HIV-related public health systems (eg, workforce development, accreditation of reference laboratories, improvement of infrastructure) and directly support targeted HIV activities (eg, national surveys, reference laboratory services, workforce training). Here, we highlight 2 examples of African NPHIs that have partnered with PEPFAR over the years (Mozambique and Zambia). PEPFAR's investments in NPHIs can leverage other investments in global health security.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaf339","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T07:41:10Z","timestamp":1750750870000},"page":"S125-S129","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["PEPFAR Investments in National Public Health Institutes: HIV Control Through Strong Systems"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"232","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3653-7179","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andre R","family":"Verani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"PEPFAR , Bureau of Global Health Security and Diplomacy, US Department of State , Washington, DC"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eduardo","family":"Samo Gudo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mozambique National Institute of Health , Maputo ,","place":["Mozambique"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roma","family":"Chilengi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zambia National Public Health Institute , Lusaka ,","place":["Zambia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shelly","family":"Bratton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Global Health Protection , Global Health Center, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7345-5899","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caroline R","family":"Carnevale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Global Health Protection , Global Health Center, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Global HIV and TB, Global Health Center, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brittney","family":"Baack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Global HIV and TB, Global Health Center, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Benech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health Center, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Maputo ,","place":["Mozambique"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Auld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health Center, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , Lusaka ,","place":["Zambia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elias","family":"Durry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Global Health Protection , Global Health Center, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruth","family":"Steinhouse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PEPFAR , Bureau of Global Health Security and Diplomacy, US Department of State , Washington, DC"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haftom","family":"Taame Desta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention , Addis Ababa ,","place":["Ethiopia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tajudeen","family":"Raji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention , Addis Ababa ,","place":["Ethiopia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025092122200947000_jiaf339-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2863","DOI":"10.4081\/jphia.2023.2863","article-title":"Functional national public health institutes are critical for the health security of Africa","volume":"14","author":"Taame","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Public Health Afr"},{"key":"2025092122200947000_jiaf339-B2","author":"International Association of National Public Health Institutes"},{"key":"2025092122200947000_jiaf339-B3","author":"International Association of National Public Health Institutes"},{"key":"2025092122200947000_jiaf339-B4","first-page":"603","article-title":"Role of national public health institutes for a stronger health system in Africa","volume":"5","author":"Desta","year":"2022","journal-title":"Fortune J Health 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PEPFAR five-year strategy"},{"key":"2025092122200947000_jiaf339-B7","author":"US Department of State"},{"key":"2025092122200947000_jiaf339-B8","author":"Africa CDC"},{"key":"2025092122200947000_jiaf339-B9","author":"Africa CDC."},{"key":"2025092122200947000_jiaf339-B10","author":"Africa CDC."},{"key":"2025092122200947000_jiaf339-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1089\/hs.2021.0094","article-title":"African national public health institutes responses to COVID-19: innovations, systems changes, and challenges","volume":"19","author":"Binder","year":"2021","journal-title":"Health Secur"},{"key":"2025092122200947000_jiaf339-B12"},{"key":"2025092122200947000_jiaf339-B13","author":"United Nations General Assembly."},{"key":"2025092122200947000_jiaf339-B14","author":"Verani"},{"key":"2025092122200947000_jiaf339-B15"},{"key":"2025092122200947000_jiaf339-B16"},{"key":"2025092122200947000_jiaf339-B17","author":"UNAIDS"},{"key":"2025092122200947000_jiaf339-B18","author":"DHS Program"},{"key":"2025092122200947000_jiaf339-B19","author":"UNAIDS"},{"key":"2025092122200947000_jiaf339-B20","author":"World Health Organization"},{"key":"2025092122200947000_jiaf339-B21","author":"Zambia National Public Health Institute"},{"key":"2025092122200947000_jiaf339-B22","author":"Zambia National Public Health Institute"},{"key":"2025092122200947000_jiaf339-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S151","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2813.220760","article-title":"Exploratory literature review of the role of national public health institutes in COVID-19 response","volume":"28","author":"Zuber","year":"2022","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"2025092122200947000_jiaf339-B24","author":"UNAIDS"},{"key":"2025092122200947000_jiaf339-B25"},{"key":"2025092122200947000_jiaf339-B26","author":"World Health Organization. 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