{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T23:08:35Z","timestamp":1788390515689,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,14]],"date-time":"2025-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755129600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Program","award":["202201020254"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202201020254"]}]},{"name":"Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Program","award":["2024A03J0883"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024A03J0883"]}]},{"name":"Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Program","award":["2021B1212030011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021B1212030011"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite effective antiretroviral use, the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not decreased in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) coinfection. Our study compared postoperative prognosis, HBV Pre-S deletion, and immune microenvironment in coinfected and HBV\u2013mono-infected individuals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective study included 143 HBV-associated HCC patients who underwent curative resection. Virologically suppressed patients (HBV DNA &amp;lt; 1000\u2005IU\/mL and HIV RNA &amp;lt; 20 copies\/mL) were matched by 1:3 propensity score matching (PSM). Hepatitis B virus Pre-S region was amplified by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (CD3, CD4, CD8) were quantified by immunohistochemistry. Survival outcomes (recurrence-free survival [RFS] and overall survival [OS]) were analyzed using Kaplan\u2013Meier curves.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Baseline analysis showed higher rates of microvascular invasion (76.9% vs 40.0%, P = 0.010) and capsular invasion (30.8% vs 8.5%, P = 0.043) in the HIV\/HBV-HCC group. After PSM, compared with HBV-HCC, HIV\/HBV-HCC had a higher rate of RFS (hazard ratio [HR] = 4.03, 95% CI 0.96\u201316.81; P = 0.0058) and OS (HR = 12.04, 95% CI 2.24\u201364.65; P &amp;lt; 0.0001) was significantly worse. The HIV\/HBV-HCC liver tissues showed an increased frequency of Pre-S quasispecies deletion (p = 0.003) and decreased intrahepatic CD4+ infiltration (tumor: P = 0.01; adjacent: P = 0.007). CD8+ expression was lower in coinfected tumors than in HBV\u2013mono-infected tumors (P = 0.039).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Virus-suppressed HIV\/HBV-HCC showed a worse prognosis, with more Pre-S deletion mutants and more severe T-cell depletion observed in the liver, requiring further investigation of the mechanism.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaf433","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]],"date-time":"2025-08-12T11:38:12Z","timestamp":1754998692000},"page":"1078-1087","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Prognostic Divergence in Human Immunodeficiency Virus\/Hepatitis B Virus Versus Hepatitis B Virus\u2013Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Resection: Intrahepatic Pre-S Deletions Mutants and T-Cell Depletion Under Viral Suppression"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"232","author":[{"given":"Quanyang","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People\u2019s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, Guangdong ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianglong","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People\u2019s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, Guangdong ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1468-1989","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hepatobiliary Department, Guangzhou Eighth People\u2019s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, Guangdong 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