{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T09:56:35Z","timestamp":1773395795620,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759968000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012264","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI145971"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI145971"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012264","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012264","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23MH124466"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23MH124466"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012264","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012264","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30AI027757"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30AI027757"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012264","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Doxycycline treats and prevents several bacterial and parasitic infections and has been proposed as a possible treatment for Trichomonas vaginalis. Nested in a trial of doxycycline postexposure prophylaxis among cisgender women in Kenya, we conducted a secondary analysis of incident T. vaginalis infections. Among 224 cisgender women randomized to doxycycline postexposure prophylaxis and 225 to standard-of-care, there were 27 T. vaginalis diagnoses in the doxycycline postexposure prophylaxis group and 29 in the standard-of-care group (RR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.54\u20131.73, P = .9). Understanding doxycycline postexposure prophylaxis's impact on T. vaginalis remains an important public health question that warrants further investigation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaf519","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T12:18:15Z","timestamp":1759925895000},"page":"411-415","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["<i>Trichomonas vaginalis<\/i>\n                    Among Cisgender Women Taking Doxycycline Postexposure Prophylaxis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"233","author":[{"given":"Fredericka Albertina","family":"Sesay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Epidemiology, University of Washington , Seattle, WA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Oware","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Microbiology Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI) , Kisumu ,","place":["Kenya"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6469-7298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lauren R","family":"Violette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine (Infectious Diseases), University of Washington , Seattle, WA ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute , Boston, MA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0587-7480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deborah","family":"Donnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center , Seattle, WA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1749-8645","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Josephine B","family":"Odoyo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Microbiology Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI) , Kisumu ,","place":["Kenya"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3457-4876","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victor","family":"Omollo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Microbiology Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI) , Kisumu ,","place":["Kenya"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7750-0404","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felix O","family":"Mogaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Microbiology Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI) , Kisumu ,","place":["Kenya"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2574-4201","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R Scott","family":"McClelland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Epidemiology, University of Washington , Seattle, WA ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Medicine (Infectious Diseases), University of Washington , Seattle, WA ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Global Health, University of Washington , Seattle, WA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2015-4739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer E","family":"Balkus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Epidemiology, University of Washington , Seattle, WA ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Public Health\u2014Seattle and King County, HIV\/STI\/HCV Program , Seattle, WA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2031-2808","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth A","family":"Bukusi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Microbiology Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI) , Kisumu ,","place":["Kenya"]},{"name":"Global Health, University of Washington , Seattle, WA ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Washington , Seattle, WA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8242-8438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jared M","family":"Baeten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Epidemiology, University of Washington , Seattle, WA ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Medicine (Infectious Diseases), University of Washington , Seattle, WA ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Global Health, University of Washington , Seattle, WA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8587-1096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jenell","family":"Stewart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute , Minneapolis, MN ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026031304521475200_jiaf519-B1","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2021"},{"key":"2026031304521475200_jiaf519-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S837","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ738","article-title":"A review of evidence-based care of symptomatic trichomoniasis and asymptomatic Trichomonas vaginalis infections","volume":"61","author":"Meites","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026031304521475200_jiaf519-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)78181-2","article-title":"Trichomonas vaginalis and amplification of HIV-1 transmission","volume":"351","author":"Sorvillo","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026031304521475200_jiaf519-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-200406000-00004","article-title":"Treatment of metronidazole-resistant Trichomonas vaginalis with tinidazole: case reports of three patients","volume":"31","author":"Hager","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"2026031304521475200_jiaf519-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1407","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.47.4.1407-1409.2003","article-title":"In vitro metronidazole and tinidazole activities against metronidazole-resistant strains of Trichomonas vaginalis","volume":"47","author":"Crowell","year":"2003","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2026031304521475200_jiaf519-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.rr7004a1","article-title":"Sexually transmitted infections treatment guidelines, 2021","volume":"70","author":"Workowski","year":"2021","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"2026031304521475200_jiaf519-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6891","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01779-15","article-title":"Novel insights into the molecular events linking to cell death induced by tetracycline in the amitochondriate protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis","volume":"59","author":"Huang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2026031304521475200_jiaf519-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30725-9","article-title":"Post-exposure prophylaxis with doxycycline to prevent sexually transmitted infections in men who have sex with men: an open-label randomised substudy of the ANRS IPERGAY trial","volume":"18","author":"Molina","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026031304521475200_jiaf519-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2211934","article-title":"Postexposure doxycycline to prevent bacterial sexually transmitted infections","volume":"388","author":"Luetkemeyer","year":"2023","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026031304521475200_jiaf519-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2331","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2304007","article-title":"Doxycycline prophylaxis to prevent sexually transmitted infections in women","volume":"389","author":"Stewart","year":"2023","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026031304521475200_jiaf519-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-022-06458-8","article-title":"Doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis for prevention of sexually transmitted infections among Kenyan women using HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis: study protocol for an open label randomized trial","volume":"23","author":"Stewart","year":"2022","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"2026031304521475200_jiaf519-B12","first-page":"679","article-title":"Alternative drugs against Trichomonas vaginalis","volume":"12","author":"Mahdi","year":"2006","journal-title":"EMHJ-East Mediterr Health J"},{"key":"2026031304521475200_jiaf519-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e47","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000001221","article-title":"Clearance of Mycoplasma genitalium and Trichomonas vaginalis among adolescents and young adults with pelvic inflammatory disease: results from the Tech-N study","volume":"47","author":"Trent","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/infdis\/jiaf519\/64560380\/jiaf519.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/article-pdf\/233\/2\/411\/64560380\/jiaf519.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/article-pdf\/233\/2\/411\/64560380\/jiaf519.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T08:53:06Z","timestamp":1773391986000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/article\/233\/2\/411\/8277981"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/infdis\/jiaf519","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-1899","1537-6613"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-1899","type":"print"},{"value":"1537-6613","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,15]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]]}}}