{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T03:51:55Z","timestamp":1793505115948,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760659200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"UNESPA"},{"name":"COVIDSEQ-UNESPA","award":["MPY 226\/22"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MPY 226\/22"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI21CIII\/00019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI21CIII\/00019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI21\/00377"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI21\/00377"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI22\/00054"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI22\/00054"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Cabildo Insular de Tenerife"},{"name":"CLARITY-Horizon Europe Program","award":["101137201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101137201"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is a leading cause of respiratory infections in infants and older adults. In Spain, surveillance is supported by the SiVIRA system and the RELECOV genomic sequencing network. The 2023\u20132024 season marked the first nationwide administration of nirsevimab, a monoclonal antibody for preventing severe RSV in infants.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>This study analyzes the genomic evolution of RSV during this period, focusing on potential escape mutations in the F protein. RSV-A showed high genetic diversity with eleven circulating lineages, while RSV-B was dominated by lineage B.D.E.1. Phylogenetic analysis revealed three distinct B.D.4.1.1 groups, one sharing mutations with B.D.E.1 in the nirsevimab binding site.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Despite these changes, neutralization assays confirmed that nirsevimab and other monoclonal antibodies remained effective. No significant antigenic drift compromising immunoprophylaxis was observed. These findings support the continued efficacy of nirsevimab and highlight the importance of genomic surveillance for tracking RSV evolution and informing future immunization strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaf530","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T12:23:27Z","timestamp":1760531007000},"page":"e409-e418","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Genomic Surveillance and Antigenic Characterization of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) in Spain During the 2023-2024 Season of Nirsevimab Administration"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"233","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3248-4471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Iglesias-Caballero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Reference and Research Laboratory for Respiratory Virus, National Centre for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III , Madrid 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,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Consortium for Biomedical Research in Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC) , Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Luz","family":"Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consortium for Biomedical Research in Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC) , Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Paediatric Department, Severo Ochoa University Hospital, Legan\u00e9s, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda University Hospital , Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1233-1723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sonia","family":"Alcolea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatric Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department, Universitary Hospital La Paz, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ Foundation) , Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Consortium for Biomedical Research in Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC) , Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Paediatric Department, Severo Ochoa University Hospital, Legan\u00e9s, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Puerta de Hierro-Majadahonda University Hospital , Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Moreno-Parrado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Department, Universitary Hospital Virgen de Arrixaca , Murcia ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordi","family":"Reina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Department,Universitary Hospital Son Espases , Mallorca ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Navascu\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Microbiology Unit, Navarra Universitary Hospital , Pamplona, Navarra ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1476-0815","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9s","family":"Ant\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consortium for Biomedical Research in Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC) , Madrid ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Respiratory Viruses Unit, Microbiology Department, Vall d\u2032Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d\u2032Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d\u2032Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona , Barcelona ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6952-2219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Davina-Nunez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology and Infectology Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur) , Vigo ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Microbiology and Infectology Department, University of Vigo , Vigo ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1734-1904","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sonia","family":"Perez-Castro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology and Infectology Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur) , Vigo ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Microbiology and Infectology Department, University of Vigo , Vigo ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Microbiology Department, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo , Vigo ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Department, Santiago Universitary Hospital Complex , Santiago de Compostela 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