{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T00:45:01Z","timestamp":1792025101070,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773705600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We report the longitudinal analysis of QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFT-Plus) results from a clinical trial conducted in 3 countries with a high tuberculosis (TB)\/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) burden, comparing 3 different TB preventive treatment (TPT) regimens in people with HIV (PWH).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PWH were enrolled in Ethiopia, Mozambique, and South Africa and randomized to (i) 1 course of weekly rifapentine-isoniazid for 3 months (3HP), (ii) weekly rifapentine-isoniazid for 3 months given annually for 2 years (p3HP), or (iii) daily isoniazid for 6 months (6H). QFT-Plus testing was performed at baseline, month 12, and month 24. Quantitative and qualitative results, and serial changes (conversions and reversions) were assessed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>From baseline to month 12, 13.0% (196\/1502) of participants converted, with no differences between 3HP (13.1%) and 6H (12.9%). From month 12 to month 24, conversion occurred in 4.0% of participants receiving a second course of 3HP (p3HP arm), and in 9.4% of those not receiving a second course (3HP) (P = .110). Overall reversions occurred in 19.0% (178\/935) of participants. Reversion rates were similar across study arms and timepoints. The risk of developing TB during the study period was higher among individuals who were QFT-Plus positive at baseline (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.66 [95% confidence interval, 1.41\u20131.89], P = .034).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>QFT-Plus conversions and reversions occurred frequently in PWH and did not differ by TPT regimen or between those who did and did not receive a second course of TPT. The high rate of QFT positivity, along with the large proportion of conversions despite TPT, highlights the complexity of interpreting serial interferon-gamma release assay results in PWH in high-transmission scenarios.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiag165","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T18:34:52Z","timestamp":1773772492000},"page":"627-636","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Dynamics of QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus Results in a Large TB Preventive Treatment Trial Across 3 High-Burden HIV\/TB Countries"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"234","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4057-0214","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bel\u00e9n","family":"Saavedra-Cervera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade de Manhi\u00e7a (CISM) Department of Tuberculosis, , Maputo ,","place":["Mozambique"]},{"name":"Instituto de Salud 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