{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T00:16:20Z","timestamp":1790381780649,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775692800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003921","name":"Australian Department of Health and Aged Care","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003921","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015003","name":"Australian Capital Territory","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015003","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Blood Borne Virus and STI Research, Intervention and Strategic Evaluation Program","award":["APP1082336"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP1082336"]}]},{"name":"Blood Borne Virus and STI Research, Intervention and Strategic Evaluation Program","award":["GNT1092852"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GNT1092852"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009287","name":"New South Wales Ministry of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009287","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008561","name":"Burnet Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008561","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Victorian Operational Infrastructure Support Program"},{"name":"Australian Research Council Industrial Transformation Research Hub to Combat Antimicrobial Resistance","award":["IH190100021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IH190100021"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001773","name":"University of New South Wales","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001773","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"AMR Hub to A. W"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a significant public health concern due to rising antimicrobial resistance. Current strategies for N gonorrhoeae among gay and bisexual men (GBM) include 3-month screening; however, high-frequency screening may increase ceftriaxone consumption, potentially contributing to antimicrobial resistance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective cohort study of GBM screened for N gonorrhoeae at 16 Australian public sexual health services between 2016 and 2023. We classified N gonorrhoeae tests and ceftriaxone prescriptions as screening-related (asymptomatic screening) or nonscreening-related (testing\/treatment of contacts, symptomatic testing, or empirical treatment). We explored trends in annual ceftriaxone prescription rates and used multivariable Poisson regression to examine the association between individuals' annual asymptomatic screening frequency and ceftriaxone consumption, adjusted for age, year, pre-exposure prophylaxis, HIV status, injecting drug use, and syphilis and chlamydia diagnoses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In total, 65 261 GBM contributed 133 846 person-years. From 2016 to 2023, the total ceftriaxone prescription rate rose from 2.92 defined daily doses per 100 person-years at risk to 5.25: screening-related ceftriaxone increased from 0.91 to 2.96 (P &amp;lt; .001) while nonscreening-related ceftriaxone remained stable (P = .570). When compared with having 1 screening test per year, having \u22654 tests was associated with a higher rate of screening-related ceftriaxone prescriptions (adjusted incident rate ratio, 5.47; 95% CI, 5.16\u20135.79).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ceftriaxone consumption rose among GBM, largely driven by increased screening rather than nonscreening-related treatment. Our findings highlight the association between high-frequency screening and antibiotic consumption, providing real-world data to guide discussions on the benefits and risks of screening.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiag192","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T12:43:31Z","timestamp":1774615411000},"page":"1130-1140","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Asymptomatic Screening for\n                    <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/i>\n                    Among Gay and Bisexual Men Attending Public Sexual Health Services in Australia and Associations With Patterns of Ceftriaxone Consumption: A Retrospective Observational Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"233","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4043-1895","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arthur","family":"Wong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney Sexual Health Centre, Sexual Health and Bloodborne 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J","family":"Templeton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales , Sydney"},{"name":"Department of Sexual Health Medicine, Sydney Local Health District, and Discipline of Medicine, Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0068-2186","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alison","family":"Nikitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murrumbidgee Local Health District"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canberra Health Service, Australian Capital Territory"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louise","family":"Owen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Statewide Sexual Health Service, Tasmania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arun","family":"Menon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Townsville Sexual Health Service"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9081-1664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher K","family":"Fairley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6643-5678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catriona S","family":"Bradshaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1766-0657","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric P F","family":"Chow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health"},{"name":"School of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University"},{"name":"Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5784-7403","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason J","family":"Ong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Health"},{"name":"School of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2887-1409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark","family":"Stoove","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Burnet Institute, Melbourne"},{"name":"School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University , Melbourne 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