{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T01:17:05Z","timestamp":1793236625312,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776643200000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Public Health Service"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI111341 WCVV"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI111341 WCVV"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI179768 KKO"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI179768 KKO"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI 155412 WCVV"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI 155412 WCVV"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ID OPP1132800"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ID OPP1132800"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"United States Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture","award":["ARZT-5704210-A50-133 MWR"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ARZT-5704210-A50-133 MWR"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cryptosporidium parvum, an apicomplexan parasite and the causative agent of cryptosporidiosis, contributes to a high burden in mortality and morbidity for humans and livestock. Currently, there are no reliably successful parasite-specific treatments for the debilitating diarrhea associated with the infection. Bumped kinase inhibitors (BKIs), which selectively target parasite calcium-dependent protein kinases, have been shown to decrease infections caused by several medical and veterinary-relevant parasites, including Toxoplasma gondii, Plasmodium falciparum, and Cryptosporidium parvum.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Neonatal calves were infected with C. parvum oocysts and orally treated commencing at 2 days postinfection using various dosing regimens of BKI-1708 with the aim of finding a minimum effective dosage. Health and parasitological parameters were assessed daily to evaluate efficacy and safety.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The majority of the different BKI dosing regimens produced notable improvements across nearly all clinical and parasitological measures, including diarrhea severity, oocyst shedding, and overall health status. Bumped kinase inhibitor administration twice daily for 3 or 5 days proved to be the most efficacious, with comparable results, suggesting that 3 days of treatment is adequate.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These results provide strong evidence for advancing BKI-1708 as a preclinical drug candidate for treatment of cryptosporidiosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiag217","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T11:39:29Z","timestamp":1776253169000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Effective Treatment Using Bumped Kinase Inhibitor 1708 in a Calf Clinical Model of Cryptosporidiosis"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2797-0499","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deborah 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Washington ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Global Health, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3413-4969","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew A","family":"Hulverson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy and Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Center for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Disease , Seattle, Washington ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8290-2347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuel L M","family":"Arnold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy and Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Center for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Disease , Seattle, Washington 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