{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T13:07:24Z","timestamp":1792069644709,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Antigenically drifted influenza A(H3N2) subclade K viruses have contributed substantially to influenza burden since 2025, but their clinical severity is less well described. Using sentinel surveillance data from Thailand, we found no significant difference in the adjusted odds of hospitalization among those infected with subclade K versus other influenza viruses (adjusted odds ratio 1.06, 95% CI .67, 1.68). This approach to estimating hospitalization risk for an emerging influenza virus subclade using sentinel surveillance data could serve as a model for conducting future rapid assessments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Summary<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Using sentinel respiratory surveillance data from Thailand, this paper found no large, significant difference in hospitalization risk for patients infected with influenza A(H3N2) subclade K compared with other influenza viruses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiag283","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T11:42:21Z","timestamp":1779968541000},"page":"e797-e801","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Risk of Hospitalization Related to Influenza A(H3N2) Virus Subclade K, Thailand, June\u2013December 2025"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"234","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8728-5405","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kriengkrai","family":"Prasert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nakhon Phanom Hospital Influenza and Vaccine Study Center, , Nakhon Phanom ,","place":["Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2241-1882","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Prabda","family":"Praphasiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kasetsart University Faculty of Public Health, , Chalermphrakiet Sakon Nakhon Province Campus, Sakon Nakhon ,","place":["Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7588-5267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Darunee","family":"Ditsungnoen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thailand Ministry of Public Health-United States Centers for Disease Control Collaboration Influenza Program, , Nonthaburi ,","place":["Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suriya","family":"Naosri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nakhon Phanom Hospital Influenza and Vaccine Study Center, , Nakhon Phanom ,","place":["Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siripaporn","family":"Phuygun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Influenza Center, National Institute of Health, Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health , Nonthaburi ,","place":["Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5247-0221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sutthichai","family":"Nakphook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nakhon Phanom Hospital Influenza and Vaccine Study Center, , Nakhon Phanom ,","place":["Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9787-1626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seesai","family":"Yeesoonsang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Public Health , Nonthaburi ,","place":["Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jatuporn","family":"Saiyarin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Service Department, Klang Hospital , Bangkok ,","place":["Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nuttida","family":"Thongpramul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Influenza Center, National Institute of Health, Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health , Nonthaburi ,","place":["Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Apinya","family":"Panjangampatthana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Public Health , Nonthaburi ,","place":["Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0483-9941","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melissa A","family":"Rolfes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Influenza Division, , Atlanta, Georgia ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7062-9531","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William W","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thailand Ministry of Public Health-United States Centers for Disease Control Collaboration Influenza Program, , Nonthaburi ,","place":["Thailand"]},{"name":"United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Influenza Division, , Atlanta, Georgia ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9392-9294","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martha P","family":"Montgomery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thailand Ministry of Public Health-United States Centers for Disease Control Collaboration Influenza Program, , Nonthaburi ,","place":["Thailand"]},{"name":"United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Influenza Division, , Atlanta, Georgia ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pilailuk","family":"Akkapaiboon Okada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Influenza Center, National Institute of Health, Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health , Nonthaburi ,","place":["Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-3806-9085","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wichan","family":"Bhunyakitikorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Ministry of Public Health , Nonthaburi ,","place":["Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026101419585120300_jiag283-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2025.25903","article-title":"Influenza A(H3N2) subclade K virus: threat and response","volume":"335","author":"Zambon","year":"2026","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2026101419585120300_jiag283-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.46.2500854","article-title":"Early influenza virus characterisation and vaccine effectiveness in England in autumn 2025, a period dominated by influenza A(H3N2) subclade K","volume":"30","author":"Kirsebom","year":"2025","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"2026101419585120300_jiag283-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2026.31.2.2500992","article-title":"Interim vaccine effectiveness against influenza virus among outpatients, France, October 2025 to January 2026","volume":"31","author":"De Clercq","year":"2026","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"2026101419585120300_jiag283-B4","author":"World Health Organization"},{"key":"2026101419585120300_jiag283-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwag094","article-title":"Validity of influenza vaccine effectiveness calculations using a test negative design in Thailand","author":"Zeno","year":"2026","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2026101419585120300_jiag283-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/irv.70230","article-title":"Nomenclature for tracking of genetic variation of seasonal influenza viruses","volume":"20","author":"Neher","year":"2026","journal-title":"Influenza Other Respir Viruses"},{"key":"2026101419585120300_jiag283-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e903","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-5247(23)00187-8","article-title":"Severity of influenza-associated hospitalisations by influenza virus type and subtype in the USA, 2010-19: a repeated cross-sectional study","volume":"4","author":"Sumner","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Microbe"},{"key":"2026101419585120300_jiag283-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1002\/mpr.329","article-title":"Multiple imputation by chained equations: what is it and how does it work?","volume":"20","author":"Azur","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Methods Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"2026101419585120300_jiag283-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.49.2500894","article-title":"Extended influenza seasons in Australia and New Zealand in 2025 due to the emergence of influenza A(H3N2) subclade K viruses","volume":"30","author":"Dapat","year":"2025","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"2026101419585120300_jiag283-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2026.31.5.2600068","article-title":"Interim 2025\/26 influenza vaccine effectiveness estimates with immuno-epidemiological considerations for A(H3N2) subclade K protection, Canada, January 2026","volume":"31","author":"Separovic","year":"2026","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"2026101419585120300_jiag283-B11","article-title":"Modest protection from vaccination against influenza A(H3N2) subclade K, Beijing, China, 2025\/26 season","volume":"31","author":"Shen","year":"2026","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"2026101419585120300_jiag283-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7509a2","article-title":"Interim estimates of 2025-26 seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness\u2014United States, September 2025-February 2026","volume":"75","author":"Maloney","year":"2026","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"2026101419585120300_jiag283-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103207","article-title":"Identification and characterisation of clinically distinct subgroups of adults hospitalised with influenza in the USA: a repeated cross-sectional study","volume":"83","author":"Bozio","year":"2025","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/infdis\/jiag283\/68438004\/jiag283.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/article-pdf\/234\/4\/e797\/68438004\/jiag283.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/article-pdf\/234\/4\/e797\/68438004\/jiag283.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T23:58:58Z","timestamp":1792022338000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/article\/234\/4\/e797\/8698786"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/infdis\/jiag283","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-1899","1537-6613"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-1899","type":"print"},{"value":"1537-6613","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]]}}}