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We identified fatty acid biosynthesis repressor (FabR) as a previously unrecognized transcriptional regulator in NTHi through its binding to the promoter region of ompP5 and investigated its contribution to bacterial virulence and physiology.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A fabR deletion mutant (\u0394fabR) was generated in NTHi strain 3655. The mutant was compared with the wild-type strain in assays of host cell adherence, serum resistance, immunoglobulin G (IgG) deposition, vitronectin binding, murine nasopharyngeal colonization, protein expression, membrane fatty acid composition, and metabolic activity. Metabolic activity was also evaluated in \u0394fabR mutants generated in additional NTHi strains.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Deletion of fabR reduced host cell adherence, increased serum sensitivity, enhanced IgG deposition, and decreased vitronectin binding compared with the wild-type strain. The \u0394fabR mutant also exhibited impaired colonization of the murine nasopharynx. Proteomic analyses demonstrated altered expression of metabolic proteins, accompanied by an increased unsaturated-to-saturated fatty acid ratio. Furthermore, \u0394fabR mutants from multiple NTHi strains showed increased metabolic activity, indicating a conserved role for FabR in metabolic regulation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>FabR is a novel transcriptional regulator that may contribute to NTHi virulence. By modulating bacterial metabolism and membrane lipid composition, FabR may influence outer membrane architecture, thereby affecting host interaction, immune evasion, and colonization.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiag419","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T11:23:19Z","timestamp":1786360999000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Transcriptional Regulator FabR Is Associated With the Virulence of Non-Typeable\n                    <i>Haemophilus Influenzae<\/i>\n                    in Host\u2013Pathogen Interactions"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3681-9179","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martina","family":"Janou\u0161kov\u00e1","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Microbiology, Department of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University , Malm\u00f6 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