{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T19:26:02Z","timestamp":1790105162635,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788307200000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004836","name":"Danish Council for Independent Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["7016-00022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7016-00022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004836","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004836","name":"Danish Council for Independent Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3101-00360B OSS"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3101-00360B OSS"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004836","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Central Region Denmark Research Fund"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003554","name":"Lundbeck Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R381-2021-1405"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R381-2021-1405"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003554","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003554","name":"Lundbeck Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R313-2019-790"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R313-2019-790"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003554","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007605","name":"Aarhus University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007605","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CD8+ T-cell responses are thought to be critical for spontaneous control of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV), but findings supporting their role in postintervention control have been mixed. We hypothesized that HIV-specific T-cell proliferation, interferon-gamma (IFN-\u03b3), and granzyme B responses prior to analytical treatment interruption (ATI) were associated with time to viral rebound.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We pooled data from 6 different HIV cure trials including people with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) alone or combined with latency-reversing agents, Toll-like receptor 9 agonists, or broadly neutralizing antibodies. Pre-ATI blood samples were analyzed by IFN-\u03b3 enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISpot) assay and lymphocyte proliferation assay (LPA).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included 91 participants (90% male, median age 45 years). Compared to participants without virologic control (2 consecutive HIV RNA measurements &amp;gt;1000 copies\/mL or ART restart), participants with virologic control at day 28 post-ATI (n = 49) had higher Gag-specific IFN-\u03b3 (210 vs 50 spot-forming units\/106 peripheral blood mononuclear cells, P = .03) and CD8+ T-cell proliferation (0.48% vs 0.16%, P = .03) responses pre-ATI. The median duration of virologic control was 28 versus 21 days in people with high versus low Gag-specific IFN-\u03b3 response (P &amp;lt; .01) or CD8+ T-cell proliferation (P = .03). ELISpot and LPA responses were not associated with time to first plasma HIV RNA of &amp;gt;50\u2005copies\/mL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings indicate that high pre-ATI Gag-specific IFN-\u03b3 and CD8+ T-cell proliferation responses were associated with an increase in the duration of virological control after stopping ART, supporting a role for CD8+ T cells in sustaining virological control.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiag448","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T19:46:03Z","timestamp":1788378363000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Functional T-Cell Responses Are Associated With Prolonged Human Immunodeficiency Virus Control After Treatment Interruption"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-8882-3500","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anders B","family":"Andersen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University , Aarhus ,","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital , Aarhus ,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6079-5173","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna K","family":"Juhl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University , Aarhus ,","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital , Aarhus ,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3787-0259","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jesper D","family":"Gunst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University , Aarhus ,","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital , Aarhus ,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5354-2442","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas A","family":"Rasmussen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University , Aarhus ,","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital , Aarhus ,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7020-5173","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Tolstrup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University , Aarhus ,","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"Department of Infectious 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