{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T02:49:48Z","timestamp":1791341388795,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790553600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000061","name":"Fogarty International Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["D43TW010526"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D43TW010526"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000061","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000061","name":"Fogarty International Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01AI155325"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01AI155325"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000061","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000061","name":"Fogarty International Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32AI165369"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32AI165369"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000061","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["INV-060109"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["INV-060109"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["INV-092097"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["INV-092097"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Walter V. And Idun Berry Fellowship"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015521","name":"Stanford Maternal and Child Health Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015521","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Woods Family Faculty Scholar"},{"name":"Pediatric Translational Medicine"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Malaria exposure has been hypothesized to alter immune responses to childhood vaccines, but evidence is inconsistent. We evaluated whether early-life malaria exposure and perennial malaria chemoprevention (PMC) modify antibody responses to the 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-10) among infants in a high malaria transmission setting in eastern Uganda.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study was nested within the MIC-DroP trial (NCT04978272) whereby 202 infants were selected for inclusion. Serotype-specific IgG concentrations were measured using an in-house multiplex seroassay from samples obtained at 8 and 24 weeks of age. Immunogenicity was quantified as the log10 fold-change in IgG concentration between the 8- and 24-week timepoints, and seroconversion as \u22650.35\u2005\u03bcg\/mL at week 24 (ie, seropositive). Generalized estimating equation models were used to assess associations of PCV-10 immunogenicity and seroconversion with malaria exposure, malaria chemoprevention, and birth outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among the 195 of 202 infants who completed the three-dose PCV-10 series, neither infant PMC nor malaria exposure from study enrollment to 14 weeks were associated with PCV-10 immunogenicity or seroconversion. In contrast, low birthweight (&amp;lt;2500\u2005g) was associated with lower immunogenicity (82% lower [95% confidence interval (CI): 43\u201394%] antibody fold-change, P = .003) and reduced odds of seroconversion (OR = 0.19 [95% CI: 0.06\u20130.57], P = .003); preterm birth (&amp;lt;37 weeks) showed similar associations (79% lower [95% CI: 24\u201394%] antibody fold-change, P = .018; OR = 0.181 [95% CI: 0.05\u20130.65], P = .009).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this malaria-endemic setting, early-life malaria exposure and chemoprevention did not measurably alter PCV-10 antibody responses. However, low birthweight and prematurity were associated with reduced vaccine immunogenicity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiag488","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T12:30:45Z","timestamp":1790425845000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Low Birthweight and Prematurity, but not Malaria Chemoprevention, Are Associated With Reduced Pneumococcal Vaccine Immunogenicity in Ugandan Infants"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6890-8988","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kenneth","family":"Musinguzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration , Kampala ,","place":["Uganda"]},{"name":"School of Medicine, Makerere University College of Health Sciences , Kampala ,","place":["Uganda"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alyssa 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