{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T17:43:51Z","timestamp":1791308631530,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,15]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jir256","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,14]],"date-time":"2011-06-14T22:09:47Z","timestamp":1308089387000},"page":"237-244","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":110,"title":["Sequencing and Analysis of JC Virus DNA From Natalizumab-Treated PML Patients"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"204","author":[{"given":"Carl E.","family":"Reid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huo","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gargi","family":"Sur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Carmillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Bushnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rich","family":"Tizard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"McAuliffe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Tonkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth","family":"Simon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Goelz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Cinque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonid","family":"Gorelik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John P.","family":"Carulli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1086\/597126","article-title":"Prevalence of polyomavirus BK and JC infection and replication in 400 healthy blood donors","volume":"199","author":"Egli","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000363","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000363","article-title":"Seroepidemiology of human polyomaviruses","volume":"5","author":"Kean","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/0-387-32957-9_2","article-title":"Discovery and epidemiology of the human polyomaviruses BK virus (BKV) and JC virus (JCV)","volume":"577","author":"Knowles","year":"2006","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/147.4.669","article-title":"Distribution of nonintegrated DNA from JC papovavirus in organs of patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy","volume":"147","author":"Grinnell","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.52.2.253","article-title":"JC virus DNA load in patients with and without progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy","volume":"52","author":"Koralnik","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.3109\/13550289509111006","article-title":"Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: the evolution of a disease once considered rare","volume":"1","author":"Berger","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1097\/00019052-200406000-00019","article-title":"New insights into progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy","volume":"17","author":"Koralnik","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1080\/13550280390195261","article-title":"Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: explaining the high incidence and disproportionate frequency of the illness relative to other immunosuppressive conditions","volume":"9","author":"Berger","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1097\/01.MP.0000044622.04245.A9","article-title":"Lytic JC virus infection in the kidneys of AIDS subjects","volume":"16","author":"Boldorini","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(09)70226-9","article-title":"Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in HIV-1 infection","volume":"9","author":"Cinque","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(10)70040-5","article-title":"Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and other disorders caused by JC virus: clinical features and pathogenesis","volume":"9","author":"Tan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa051782","article-title":"Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy complicating treatment with natalizumab and interferon beta-1a for multiple sclerosis","volume":"353","author":"Kleinschmidt-DeMasters","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa051847","article-title":"Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a patient treated with natalizumab","volume":"353","author":"Langer-Gould","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa051586","article-title":"Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy after natalizumab therapy for Crohn's disease","volume":"353","author":"Van Assche","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1\u20138","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.med.080708.082655","article-title":"Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients on immunomodulatory therapies","volume":"61","author":"Major","year":"2010","journal-title":"Annu Rev Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd1637","article-title":"Natalizumab","volume":"4","author":"Noseworthy","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(10)70028-4","article-title":"Natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients with multiple sclerosis: lessons from 28 cases","volume":"9","author":"Clifford","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2008.09.027","article-title":"The role of polyomaviruses in human disease","volume":"384","author":"Jiang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1080\/13550280390195360","article-title":"An overview: Human polyomavirus JC virus and its associated disorders","volume":"9","author":"Safak","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3139","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.64.6.3139-3143.1990","article-title":"Isolation of a possible archetypal JC virus DNA sequence from nonimmunocompromised individuals","volume":"64","author":"Yogo","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1002\/0471221945.ch7","article-title":"The archetype concept and regulatory region rearrangement","volume-title":"Human polyomaviruses: molecular and clinical perspectives","author":"Yogo","year":"2001"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jir198","article-title":"In PML patients JC virus (JCV) VP1 protein undergoes selective mutations that change its receptor specificity","volume":"204","author":"Gorelik","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000368","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1000368","article-title":"Adaptive mutations in the JC virus protein capsid are associated with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML)","volume":"5","author":"Sunyaev","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2005.06.012","article-title":"Characterization of the VP1 loop mutations widespread among JC polyomavirus isolates associated with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy","volume":"333","author":"Zheng","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2035","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.80863-0","article-title":"New sequence polymorphisms in the outer loops of the JC polyomavirus major capsid protein (VP1) possibly associated with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy","volume":"86","author":"Zheng","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib26","first-page":"S101","article-title":"Influence of JC virus coding region genotype on risk of multiple sclerosis and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy","volume":"6","author":"Agostini","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-78-3-659","article-title":"JC virus regulatory region rearrangements and genotypes in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: two independent aspects of virus variation","volume":"78","author":"Agostini","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.34.1.159-164.1996","article-title":"Genotype profile of human polyomavirus JC excreted in urine of immunocompetent individuals","volume":"34","author":"Agostini","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1086\/317927","article-title":"JC virus genotypes in France: molecular epidemiology and potential significance for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy","volume":"183","author":"Dubois","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-80-4-1017","article-title":"Archetypal and rearranged sequences of human polyomavirus JC transcription control region in peripheral blood leukocytes and in cerebrospinal fluid","volume":"80","author":"Ciappi","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5062","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.11.5062","article-title":"Origin of JC polyomavirus variants associated with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy","volume":"90","author":"Iida","year":"1993","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-82-4-899","article-title":"Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients: absence of correlation between JC virus neurovirulence and polymorphisms in the transcriptional control region and the major capsid protein loci","volume":"82","author":"Sala","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.3109\/13550289509114028","article-title":"Amplification of the complete polyomavirus JC genome from brain, cerebrospinal fluid and urine using pre-PCR restriction enzyme digestion","volume":"1","author":"Agostini","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1080\/13550280152537201","article-title":"Predicted amino acid sequences for 100 JCV strains","volume":"7","author":"Cubitt","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.3109\/13550280009018304","article-title":"Analysis of the transcriptional control region in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy","volume":"6","author":"Vaz","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-78-1-163","article-title":"Activity of JC virus archetype and PML-type regulatory regions in glial cells","volume":"78","author":"Ault","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.51.2.458-469.1984","article-title":"Human polyomavirus JC virus genome","volume":"51","author":"Frisque","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7925","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.69.12.7925-7931.1995","article-title":"Genetic and structural analysis of a virulence determinant in polyomavirus VP1","volume":"69","author":"Bauer","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5826","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.73.7.5826-5832.1999","article-title":"Discrimination between sialic acid-containing receptors and pseudoreceptors regulates polyomavirus spread in the mouse","volume":"73","author":"Bauer","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.65.1.342-349.1991","article-title":"Polyomavirus replication in mice: influences of VP1 type and route of inoculation","volume":"65","author":"Dubensky","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.65.1.350-355.1991","article-title":"A single-amino-acid substitution in polyomavirus VP1 correlates with plaque size and hemagglutination behavior","volume":"65","author":"Freund","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-82-5-1221","article-title":"Genotypes of JC virus in East, central and Southwest Europe","volume":"82","author":"Agostini","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1996.0037","article-title":"Sequences within the early and late promoters of archetype JC virus restrict viral DNA replication and infectivity","volume":"216","author":"Daniel","year":"1996","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170702150812_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0904267","article-title":"Asymptomatic reactivation of JC virus in patients treated with natalizumab","volume":"361","author":"Chen","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/article-pdf\/204\/2\/237\/18065449\/jir256.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,20]],"date-time":"2020-06-20T00:04:15Z","timestamp":1592611455000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/article-lookup\/doi\/10.1093\/infdis\/jir256"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,15]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,15]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/infdis\/jir256","relation":{},"ISSN":["1537-6613","0022-1899"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1537-6613","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0022-1899","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,15]]}}}