{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T00:12:47Z","timestamp":1793664767556,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,1]],"date-time":"2017-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1509494400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN261200800001E"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN261200800001E"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","award":["U01CI000160"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01CI000160"]}]},{"name":"United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","award":["U01CK000153"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01CK000153"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The most common clinical manifestation of early Lyme disease is the erythema migrans (EM) skin lesion that develops at the tick bite site typically between 7 and 14 days after infection with Borreliella burgdorferi. The host-pathogen interactions that occur in the skin may have a critical role in determining outcome of infection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gene arrays were used to characterize the global transcriptional alterations in skin biopsy samples of EM lesions from untreated adult patients with Lyme disease in comparison to controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The transcriptional pattern in EM biopsies consisted of 254 differentially regulated genes (180 induced and 74 repressed) characterized by the induction of chemokines, cytokines, Toll-like receptors, antimicrobial peptides, monocytoid cell activation markers, and numerous genes annotated as interferon (IFN)-inducible. The IFN-inducible genes included 3 transcripts involved in tryptophan catabolism (IDO1, KMO, KYNU) that play a pivotal role in immune evasion by certain other microbial pathogens by driving the differentiation of regulatory T cells.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is the first study to globally assess the human skin transcriptional response during early Lyme disease. Borreliella burgdorferi elicits a predominant IFN signature in the EM lesion, suggesting a potential mechanism for spirochetal dissemination via IDO1-mediated localized immunosuppression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jix563","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,25]],"date-time":"2017-10-25T03:13:28Z","timestamp":1508901208000},"page":"158-167","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Transcriptome Assessment of Erythema Migrans Skin Lesions in Patients With Early Lyme Disease Reveals Predominant Interferon Signaling"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"217","author":[{"given":"Adriana","family":"Marques","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ira","family":"Schwartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Valhalla"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary P","family":"Wormser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanmei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Services Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald L","family":"Hornung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Services Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cumhur Y","family":"Demirkale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mathematical and Statistical Computing Laboratory, Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter J","family":"Munson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mathematical and Statistical Computing Laboratory, Center for Information Technology, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siu-Ping","family":"Turk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Services Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chyi-Chia Richard","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Human Retrovirology and Immunoinformatics, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc. 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