{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T15:55:44Z","timestamp":1784908544605,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,16]],"date-time":"2018-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1531699200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AI 097096"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AI 097096"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Australian National Health and Medical Research Council","award":["APP1092160"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP1092160"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000011","name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000011","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DEL-15-006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DEL-15-006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"South African National Research Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals with cryptococcal meningitis places them at risk for Cryptococcus-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (C-IRIS). The relationship between antibody immunity and C-IRIS risk has not been investigated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We compared plasma levels of immunoglobulins, C. neoformans glucuronoxylomannan (GXM) capsule-specific and laminarin (Lam)-binding IgM and IgG, and percentages of peripheral blood total and memory B cells between 27 HIV-infected patients with CM who developed C-IRIS and 63 who did not, and evaluated associations of these parameters with risk of C-IRIS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prior to initiation of ART, plasma IgM, Lam-binding IgM (Lam-IgM), Lam-IgG, and GXM-IgM levels were significantly lower in patients who developed C-IRIS than those who did not. Multivariate analysis revealed significant inverse associations between C-IRIS and IgM (P = .0003), Lam-IgM (P = .0005), Lam-IgG (P = .002), and GXM-IgM (P = .002) independent of age, sex, HIV viral load, CD4+ T-cell count, and cerebrospinal fluid fungal burden. There were no associations between C-IRIS and total or memory B cells.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Antibody profiles that include plasma IgM, Lam-IgM, Lam-IgG, and\/or GXM-IgM may have value in furthering our understanding of C-IRIS pathogenesis and hold promise as candidate biomarkers of C-IRIS risk.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiy447","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,14]],"date-time":"2018-07-14T17:29:05Z","timestamp":1531589345000},"page":"420-428","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Association Between Plasma Antibody Responses and Risk for Cryptococcus-Associated Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"219","author":[{"given":"Hyun Ah","family":"Yoon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New 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