{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T15:00:16Z","timestamp":1787497216648,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,24]],"date-time":"2019-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1556064000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN272201600035C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN272201600035C"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T34-GM008574"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T34-GM008574"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Coccidioides is the causative agent of San Joaquin Valley fever, a fungal disease prevalent in the semiarid regions of the Americas. Efforts to develop a fungal vaccine over the last 2 decades were unsuccessful. A candidate antigen, Antigen 2 (Ag2), is notoriously difficult to express in Escherichia coli, and this study sought to accumulate the antigen at high levels in maize. Transformed maize lines accumulated recombinant Ag2 at levels &gt;1 g\/kg. Mice immunized with this antigen and challenged with live Coccidioides arthroconidia showed a reduction in the fungal load when Ag2 derived from either E. coli or maize was loaded into glucan chitin particles. A fusion of Ag2 to dendritic cell carrier peptide (DCpep) induced a T-helper type 17 response in the spleen when orally delivered, indicative of a protective immune response. The maize production platform and the glucan chitin particle adjuvant system show promise for development of a Coccidioides vaccine, but further testing is needed to fully assess the optimal method of administration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiz196","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,18]],"date-time":"2019-04-18T15:14:22Z","timestamp":1555600462000},"page":"615-623","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Maize-Produced Ag2 as a Subunit Vaccine for Valley Fever"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"220","author":[{"given":"Celine A","family":"Hayden","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Biotechnology Institute, San Luis Obispo, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiung-Yu","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, University of Texas, San Antonio, Worcester"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, University of Texas, San Antonio, Worcester"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Austin","family":"Negron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, University of Texas, San Antonio, Worcester"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raymond","family":"Esquerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary","family":"Ostroff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ambily","family":"Abraham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandro Gabriel","family":"Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliet Elizabeth","family":"Gonzales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John A","family":"Howard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Biotechnology Institute, San Luis Obispo, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2019071902000329700_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5777","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00807-07","article-title":"Evaluation of two homologous proline-rich proteins of Coccidioides posadasii as candidate vaccines against coccidioidomycosis","volume":"75","author":"Herr","year":"2007","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"2019071902000329700_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5904","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2006.04.002","article-title":"Improved protection of mice against lethal respiratory infection with Coccidioides posadasii using two recombinant antigens expressed as a single protein","volume":"24","author":"Shubitz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2019071902000329700_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-7652.2011.00627.x","article-title":"Manipulating corn germplasm to increase recombinant protein accumulation","volume":"10","author":"Hood","year":"2012","journal-title":"Plant Biotechnol J"},{"key":"2019071902000329700_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2663","DOI":"10.1021\/ac020788z","article-title":"Application of avidin-biotin technology and adsorptive transfer stripping square-wave voltammetry for detection of DNA hybridization and avidin in transgenic avidin maize","volume":"75","author":"Masarik","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anal Chem"},{"key":"2019071902000329700_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1079\/IVP2001247","article-title":"Development of an edible subunit vaccine in corn against enterotoxigenic strains of Escherichia coli","volume":"38","author":"Streatfield","year":"2002","journal-title":"In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Plant"},{"key":"2019071902000329700_CIT0006","volume-title":"Commercial plant-produced recombinant protein products","author":"Howard","year":"2016"},{"key":"2019071902000329700_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1586\/erv.10.88","article-title":"Plant-made immunogens and effective delivery strategies","volume":"9","author":"Paul","year":"2010","journal-title":"Expert Rev Vaccines"},{"key":"2019071902000329700_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.01.073","article-title":"Immunogenicity of recombinant LT-B delivered orally to humans in transgenic corn","volume":"22","author":"Tacket","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2019071902000329700_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4331","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0900029106","article-title":"Dendritic cell targeting of Bacillus anthracis protective antigen expressed by Lactobacillus acidophilus protects mice from lethal challenge","volume":"106","author":"Mohamadzadeh","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"2019071902000329700_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1220","DOI":"10.1086\/323664","article-title":"Dendritic cells pulsed with Coccidioides immitis lysate induce antigen-specific naive T cell activation","volume":"184","author":"Richards","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2019071902000329700_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2415","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.74.4.2415-2422.2006","article-title":"Spherules derived from Coccidioides posadasii promote human dendritic cell maturation and activation","volume":"74","author":"Dionne","year":"2006","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"2019071902000329700_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3900","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.6.3900","article-title":"Efficacy of antigen 2\/proline-rich antigen cDNA-transfected dendritic cells in immunization of mice against Coccidioides posadasii","volume":"175","author":"Awasthi","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2019071902000329700_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-7104-6_11","article-title":"Beta-Glucan particles as vaccine adjuvant carriers","volume":"1625","author":"Mirza","year":"2017","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"key":"2019071902000329700_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00463-13","article-title":"Characterization and optimization of the glucan particle-based vaccine platform","volume":"20","author":"Huang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol"},{"key":"2019071902000329700_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00070-18","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00070-18","article-title":"Glucan-chitin particles enhance Th17 response and improve protective efficacy of a multivalent antigen (rCpa1) against pulmonary Coccidioides posadasii infection","volume":"86","author":"Hung","year":"2018","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"2019071902000329700_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms5010013","article-title":"Immune response to coccidioidomycosis and the development of a vaccine","volume":"5","author":"Castro-Lopez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"2019071902000329700_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI43984","article-title":"Vaccine-induced protection against 3 systemic mycoses endemic to North America requires Th17 cells in mice","volume":"121","author":"W\u00fcthrich","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2019071902000329700_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e05726-11","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.05726-11","article-title":"Vaccine immunity to coccidioidomycosis occurs by early activation of three signal pathways of T helper cell response (Th1, Th2 and Th17)","volume":"79","author":"Hung","year":"2011","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"2019071902000329700_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2742","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(00)00512-0","article-title":"Plant-based vaccines: unique advantages","volume":"19","author":"Streatfield","year":"2001","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2019071902000329700_CIT0020","first-page":"307","article-title":"Proaleurain vacuolar targeting is mediated by short contiguous peptide interactions","volume":"4","author":"Holwerda","year":"1992","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"key":"2019071902000329700_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-7652.2012.00727.x","article-title":"Production of highly concentrated, heat-stable hepatitis B surface antigen in maize","volume":"10","author":"Hayden","year":"2012","journal-title":"Plant Biotechnol J"},{"key":"2019071902000329700_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018429821858","article-title":"Tissue-specific expression in transgenic maize of four endosperm promoters from maize and rice","volume":"6","author":"Russell","year":"1997","journal-title":"Transgenic Res"},{"key":"2019071902000329700_CIT0023","first-page":"115","article-title":"Functional analysis of the 3\u2019 control region of the potato wound-inducible proteinase inhibitor II gene","volume":"1","author":"An","year":"1989","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"key":"2019071902000329700_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1467-7652.2003.00014.x","article-title":"Criteria for high-level expression of a fungal laccase gene in transgenic maize","volume":"1","author":"Hood","year":"2003","journal-title":"Plant Biotechnol J"},{"key":"2019071902000329700_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2014.01.037","article-title":"Supercritical fluid extraction provides an enhancement to the immune response for orally-delivered hepatitis B surface antigen","author":"Hayden","year":"2014","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2019071902000329700_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3960","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00566-12","article-title":"Construction and evaluation of a novel recombinant T cell epitope-based vaccine against Coccidioidomycosis","volume":"80","author":"Hurtgen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"2019071902000329700_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2937","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.02.072","article-title":"Bioencapsulation of the hepatitis B surface antigen and its use as an effective oral immunogen","volume":"30","author":"Hayden","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2019071902000329700_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e139","DOI":"10.1212\/NXI.0000000000000139","article-title":"Macrophage migration inhibitory factor promotes resistance to glucocorticoid treatment in EAE","volume":"2","author":"Ji","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm"},{"key":"2019071902000329700_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4511","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.05726-11","article-title":"Vaccine immunity to coccidioidomycosis occurs by early activation of three signal pathways of T helper cell response (Th1, Th2, and Th17)","volume":"79","author":"Hung","year":"2011","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"2019071902000329700_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3010","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.71.6.3010-3019.2003","article-title":"A recombinant beta-1,3-glucanosyltransferase homolog of Coccidioides posadasii protects mice against coccidioidomycosis","volume":"71","author":"Delgado","year":"2003","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"2019071902000329700_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-7652.2007.00275.x","article-title":"Subcellular targeting is a key condition for high-level accumulation of cellulase protein in transgenic maize seed","volume":"5","author":"Hood","year":"2007","journal-title":"Plant Biotechnol J"},{"key":"2019071902000329700_CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1007\/s11032-017-0731-8","article-title":"Production of the bioscavenger butyrylcholinesterase in maize","volume":"37","author":"Egelkrout","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol Breeding"},{"key":"2019071902000329700_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-3659(02)00282-1","article-title":"Delivery of subunit vaccines in maize seed","volume":"85","author":"Lamphear","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"key":"2019071902000329700_CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1637\/7074","article-title":"Immunization of chickens with VP2 protein of infectious bursal disease virus expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana","volume":"48","author":"Wu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Avian Dis"},{"key":"2019071902000329700_CIT0035","first-page":"1","article-title":"Protection against live rotavirus challenge in mice induced by parenteral and mucosal delivery of VP6 subunit rotavirus vaccine","author":"Lappalainen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch Virol"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Infectious Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/infdis\/jiz196\/28792589\/jiz196.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/article-pdf\/220\/4\/615\/28955736\/jiz196.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,20]],"date-time":"2019-09-20T09:40:10Z","timestamp":1568972410000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jid\/article\/220\/4\/615\/5479236"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,23]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,19]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/infdis\/jiz196","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-1899","1537-6613"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-1899","type":"print"},{"value":"1537-6613","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,15]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,23]]}}}