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Restoration of the antigen-specific CD4 T-cell subsets mirrored the overall CD4 T-cell compartment. Activation (assessed by HLA-DR expression) decreased during ART but remained elevated compared to HIV-uninfected persons. Despite known M. tuberculosis sensitization determined by interferon-\u03b3 release assay, 12\/23 participants had no M. tuberculosis-specific CD4 T cells detectable by flow cytometry, combined with overall elevated T-cell activation and memory differentiation, suggesting heightened turnover. 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