{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:01:31Z","timestamp":1753876891797,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,27]],"date-time":"2019-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569542400000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002999","name":"Dutch Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002999","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The re-emergence of mumps among vaccinated young adults has become a global issue. Besides waning of antibody responses, suboptimal induction of T-cell responses may reduce protection. In a recent study, we observed a dominant polyfunctional CD8+ T-cell response after natural mumps virus (MuV) infection that was not present after vaccination. Unraveling the MuV epitope repertoire can provide insight in the specificity, functionality, and breadth of the T-cell response against MuV.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Peptides were eluted from human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules of MuV-infected cells and characterized by advanced mass spectrometry. Selected identified MuV peptides were tested for in vitro and ex vivo immunogenicity.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In this study, we identified a broad landscape of 83 CD8+ T-cell epitopes of MuV, 41 of which were confirmed based on synthetic peptide standards. For 6 epitopes, we showed induction of an HLA-A*02-restriced CD8+ T-cell response. Moreover, robust T-cell responses against 5 selected MuV epitopes could be detected in all tested mumps patients using peptide\/HLA-A*02:01 dextramers.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The identified CD8+ T-cell epitopes will help to further characterize MuV-specific T-cell immunity after natural MuV infection or vaccination. These MuV epitopes may provide clues for a better understanding of, and possibly for preventing, mumps vaccine failure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>We identified for the first time 41 mumps virus (MuV)-specific HLA-A*02 epitopes. For 6 epitopes, CD8+ T-cell responses were confirmed in T cells derived from several mumps cases, and MuV-specific CD8+ T cells could be identified by peptide\/dextramer staining.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiz480","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,19]],"date-time":"2019-09-19T15:26:06Z","timestamp":1568906766000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Identification of Naturally Processed Mumps Virus Epitopes by Mass Spectrometry: Confirmation of Multiple CD8+ T-Cell Responses in Mumps Patients"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2444-6050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jelle","family":"de Wit","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maarten E","family":"Emmelot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hugo","family":"Meiring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intravacc (Institute for Translational Vaccinology), Bilthoven, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline A M","family":"van Gaans-van den Brink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9cile A C M","family":"van Els","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Kaaijk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2019110203093407600_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1580","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0706589","article-title":"Recent resurgence of mumps in the United States","volume":"358","author":"Dayan","year":"2008","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2019110203093407600_CIT0002","article-title":"Increased mumps incidence in the Netherlands: review on the possible role of vaccine strain and genotype","volume":"13:18914","author":"Kaaijk","year":"2008","journal-title":"Euro 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