{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T03:59:15Z","timestamp":1790222355878,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,2]],"date-time":"2019-11-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572652800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"US Army Medical Research and Material Command","award":["W81XWH-12-C-0278"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W81XWH-12-C-0278"]}]},{"name":"US Army Medical Research and Material Command","award":["W81XWH-16-C-0215"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W81XWH-16-C-0215"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Chloroquine can impair the immune responses to intradermal rabies vaccination. Current guidelines recommend an extra intramuscular dose be given for postexposure prophylaxis in previously unvaccinated persons taking any antimalarial drug.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We conducted a randomized, open-label, single-site study in 103 previously unvaccinated healthy adults age \u226518 to \u226460 years old to evaluate the effects of chloroquine, atovaquone\/proguanil (Malarone), and doxycycline on the antibody response to a purified chick embryo cell vaccine, given on a postexposure prophylaxis schedule. All treatment groups received antimalarials 14 days prior to and during vaccination.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>All subjects achieved accepted neutralizing antibody titers of \u22650.5 IU\/mL following the second rabies vaccination dose and maintained this protection through the duration of the study. We observed a reduction in rabies antibody geometric mean titer in the chloroquine versus control groups 28 days after vaccination: 2.3 versus 6.87 IU\/mL, respectively (P &amp;lt; .001, t test). A significant difference was not observed for those taking Malarone or doxycycline.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We conclude that there is no reduction of rabies antibody response in subjects taking Malarone or doxycycline, but a significant reduction in those taking chloroquine; however, accepted antibody levels were achieved for all 3 antimalarials.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Clinical Trials Registration<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>NCT02564471.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiz558","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,25]],"date-time":"2019-10-25T15:09:26Z","timestamp":1572016166000},"page":"927-933","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Effect of Antimalarial Drugs on the Immune Response to Intramuscular Rabies Vaccination Using a Postexposure Prophylaxis Regimen"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"221","author":[{"given":"Timothy P","family":"Endy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Health and Translational Sciences, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul B","family":"Keiser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Don","family":"Cibula","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Abbott","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Health and Translational Sciences, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Ware","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Health and Translational Sciences, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen J","family":"Thomas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Health and Translational Sciences, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark E","family":"Polhemus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Health and Translational 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