{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T09:19:26Z","timestamp":1771233566884,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The etiology of intussusception, the leading cause of bowel obstruction in infants, is unknown in most cases. Adenovirus has been associated with intussusception and slightly increased risk of intussusception with rotavirus vaccination has been found. We conducted a case-control study among children &amp;lt;2 years old in Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan, and Vietnam to evaluate infectious etiologies of intussusception before rotavirus vaccine introduction.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>From 2015 to 2017, we enrolled 1-to-1 matched intussusception cases and hospital controls; 249 pairs were included. Stool specimens were tested for 37 infectious agents using TaqMan Array technology. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of each pathogen associated with intussusception in a pooled analysis and quantitative subanalyses.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Adenovirus (OR, 2.67; 95% CI, 1.75\u20134.36) and human herpes virus 6 (OR, 3.50; 95% CI, 1.15\u201310.63) were detected more frequently in cases than controls. Adenovirus C detection &amp;lt;20 quantification cycles was associated with intussusception (OR, 18.59; 95% CI, 2.45\u2013140.89). Wild-type rotavirus was not associated with intussusception (OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.52\u20132.22).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In this comprehensive evaluation, adenovirus and HHV-6 were associated with intussusception. Future research is needed to better understand mechanisms leading to intussusception, particularly after rotavirus vaccination.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiz621","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,20]],"date-time":"2019-11-20T20:09:59Z","timestamp":1574280599000},"page":"1499-1505","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Infectious Etiologies of Intussusception Among Children &amp;lt;2 Years Old in 4 Asian Countries"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"221","author":[{"given":"Eleanor","family":"Burnett","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Viral Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Furqan","family":"Kabir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nguyen","family":"Van Trang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ajit","family":"Rayamajhi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Janak Medical and Research Center, Balaju, Kathmandu, Nepal"},{"name":"Kanti Children\u2019s Hospital, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Syed M","family":"Satter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Tahir","family":"Yousafzai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dang Duc","family":"Anh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anupama Thapa","family":"Basnet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kanti Children\u2019s Hospital, Maharajgunj, Kathmandu, Nepal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meerjady S","family":"Flora","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Houpt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saqib Hamid","family":"Qazi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tran Minh","family":"Canh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hai Phong Children\u2019s Hospital, Hai Phong, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anjana Karki","family":"Rayamajhi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Janak Medical and Research Center, Balaju, Kathmandu, Nepal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bablu K","family":"Saha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rangpur Medical College Hospital, Rangpur, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nasir Saleem","family":"Saddal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, National Institute of Child Health, Karachi, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sehrish","family":"Muneer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pham Hoang","family":"Hung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Hue Hospital, Hue, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Towhidul","family":"Islam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sher E Bangla Medical College Hospital, Barisal, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Syed Asad","family":"Ali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline E","family":"Tate","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Viral Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Yen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Viral Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Umesh D","family":"Parashar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Viral Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020040710052882800_CIT0001","volume-title":"Vaccines and biologicals. Acute intussusception in infants and children: incidence, clinical presentation and management: a global perspective","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"2002"},{"key":"2020040710052882800_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1007\/s002470050015","article-title":"Spontaneous reduction of intussusception: clinical spectrum, management and outcome","volume":"30","author":"Kornecki","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"2020040710052882800_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.05.2049","article-title":"Sonography of pediatric small-bowel intussusception: differentiating surgical from nonsurgical cases","volume":"188","author":"Munden","year":"2007","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"2020040710052882800_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2003.09.016","article-title":"Acute intussusception in infants and children as an adverse event following immunization: case definition and guidelines of data collection, analysis, and presentation","volume":"22","author":"Bines","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2020040710052882800_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e68482","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0068482","article-title":"Childhood intussusception: a literature review","volume":"8","author":"Jiang","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2020040710052882800_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7593","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2018.11.002","article-title":"Preparing for safety monitoring after rotavirus vaccine introduction\u2014 assessment of baseline epidemiology of intussusception among children &lt;2\u202fyears of age in four Asian countries","volume":"36","author":"Burnett","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"2020040710052882800_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1316","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyz028","article-title":"Update on the global epidemiology of intussusception: a systematic review of incidence rates, age distributions and case-fatality ratios among children aged &lt;5\u2009years, before the introduction of rotavirus vaccination","volume":"48","author":"Clark","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2020040710052882800_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2006.04.010","article-title":"Risk factors for intussusception in infants in Vietnam and Australia: adenovirus implicated, but not rotavirus","volume":"149","author":"Bines","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"2020040710052882800_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2014.10.018","article-title":"Intussusception is associated with the detection of adenovirus C, enterovirus B and rotavirus in a rotavirus vaccinated population","volume":"61","author":"Minney-Smith","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin 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