{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T10:48:29Z","timestamp":1787309309654,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Institute for Environmental Research (IER) of Tehran University of Medical Sciences","award":["94-01-46-28392"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["94-01-46-28392"]}]},{"name":"Research Center for Environmental Pollutants"},{"name":"Qom University of Medical Sciences","award":["94589"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["94589"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the concentrations of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOX) around the Qom (a province in Iran) combined cycle power plant in relation to seasonal variations and fuel type from December 2014 to May 2015. Passive sampling was used in three monitoring sites around the power plant to assess noncarcinogenic health risks associated with exposure to SO2 and NOX. Results showed the higher concentrations of NOX and SO2 in winter than in spring. The highest concentrations of NOX in winter (when power plants used gasoil) and spring (when power plants used gas fuel) were 52.70\u2009\u00b1\u200921.70\/52.70\u2009\u00b1\u200913.20 and 22.10\u2009\u00b1\u20097.00\u2009\u00b5g\/m3. Similarly, the highest concentrations of SO2 in winter and spring were 5.00\u2009\u00b1\u20090.20 and 3.90\u2009\u00b1\u20090.70\u2009\u00b5g\/m3. There was a moderately significant correlation between NOx and SO2 concentrations when the power plant consumed gasoil (Spearman rho coefficient, 0.68, p\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.05). A significant difference was observed between gas concentration and fuel type (p\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.05). The hazard quotient values for SO2 exposure were below 1 for all age groups, whereas those for NOx were above 1 for infants and children. The hazard index for NOX was above 1, indicating an unacceptable risk to human health. Sobol\u2019 sensitivity analysis identified the inhalation rate and NOX concentration as the most significant factors determining the noncarcinogenic risks across age groups. In conclusion, the use of gasoil by power plants increases the emission of pollutants, thereby raising the health risks for residents in these regions, particularly vulnerable demographics like children. Therefore, prioritizing air quality management such as using cleaner fuels and emission control technologies in power plants as well as continuous air quality monitoring are of utmost importance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/inteam\/vjae014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,6]],"date-time":"2025-01-06T09:25:55Z","timestamp":1736155555000},"page":"161-171","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Health risk assessment and Sobol\u2019 sensitivity analysis of power plant air pollution (SO2 and NOX): the effect of power plant fuel change"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Reza","family":"Fouladi-Fard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Environmental Pollutants, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences , Qom,","place":["Iran"]},{"name":"Environmental Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences , Khorramabad,","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazem","family":"Naddafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran,","place":["Iran"]},{"name":"Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran,","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Reza","family":"Hosseini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Alborz University of Medical Sciences , Alborz,","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masud","family":"Yunesian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran,","place":["Iran"]},{"name":"Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran,","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramin","family":"Nabizadeh Nodehi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran,","place":["Iran"]},{"name":"Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran,","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Hadi","family":"Dehghani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran,","place":["Iran"]},{"name":"Institute for Environmental Research, Center for Solid Waste Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran,","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Sadegh","family":"Hassanvand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran,","place":["Iran"]},{"name":"Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran,","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monireh","family":"Dehabadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology , Tehran,","place":["Iran"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7726-9329","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Fiore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technologies \u201cG.F. 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