{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T17:45:46Z","timestamp":1783359946159,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747180800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Under Section 304(a) of the Clean Water Act, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is mandated to develop national recommended human health water quality criteria (HHWQC) which represent the concentration of specific chemicals, biologicals, and physical conditions in ambient water not expected to adversely affect human health. To date, EPA has set HHWQC using the deterministic approach for key exposure parameters for criteria development. However, these methods do not account for variability or uncertainty, and may substantially misestimate risk for the general population. Probabilistic approaches address these issues, but they have been hampered by several factors, including time and resource complexity, technical expertise requirements, lack of amenable open-source software, and lack of certainty regarding EPA approval. Here, we describe a new R Shiny tool, Surface Water Probabilistic Risk Online, developed for deriving HHWQC using either deterministic or probabilistic approaches to derive HHWQC for 105 chemicals for multiple risk management scenarios simultaneously. For the probabilistic approach, alternate distributions of body weight, fish consumption rate, and daily water intake can be parameterized using the tool\u2019s custom distribution module. The results of the tool can be aggregated and downloaded for record-keeping, reporting, and further analysis purposes. Given the flexibility and simplicity of the tool, development of probabilistic-based HHWQC may become more accessible for States\u2019 upcoming criteria reviews.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/inteam\/vjaf060","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T11:44:30Z","timestamp":1747223070000},"page":"1319-1330","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["An open-source shiny tool for the derivation of human health water quality criteria using probabilistic risk assessment"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4660-4710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jayme","family":"Coyle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NCASI , Dayton,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1328-2601","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bradley","family":"Barnhart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NCASI , Middleton,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giffe","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NCASI , Sarasota,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025103101531934100_vjaf060-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1002\/ieam.4683","article-title":"Ambient water quality criteria derived using probabilistic risk assessment","volume":"19","author":"Barnhart","year":"2023","journal-title":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management"},{"key":"2025103101531934100_vjaf060-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.05.063","article-title":"Short-chain chlorinated paraffins in cooking oil and related products from China","volume":"138","author":"Cao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"2025103101531934100_vjaf060-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126590","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.126590","article-title":"Development of human health ambient water quality criteria of 12 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and risk assessment in China","volume":"252","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"2025103101531934100_vjaf060-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"067009","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp3368","article-title":"Beyond the RfD: Broad application of a probabilistic approach to improve chemical dose-response assessments for noncancer effects","volume":"126","author":"Chiu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environmental Health Perspectives"},{"key":"2025103101531934100_vjaf060-B5","volume-title":"Guiding principles for Monte Carlo analysis","author":"EPA","year":"1997"},{"key":"2025103101531934100_vjaf060-B6","volume-title":"Methodology for deriving ambient water quality criteria for the protection of human health","author":"EPA","year":"2000"},{"key":"2025103101531934100_vjaf060-B7","volume-title":"Risk assessment guidance for superfund: Volume III\u2014Part A, process for conducting probabilistic risk assessment","author":"EPA","year":"2001"},{"key":"2025103101531934100_vjaf060-B8","volume-title":"Exposure factors handbook: 2011","author":"EPA","year":"2011"},{"key":"2025103101531934100_vjaf060-B9","volume-title":"Risk assessment forum white paper: Probabilistic risk assessment methods and case studies","author":"EPA","year":"2014"},{"key":"2025103101531934100_vjaf060-B10","volume-title":"Final updated ambient water quality criteria for the protection of human health","author":"EPA","year":"2015"},{"key":"2025103101531934100_vjaf060-B11","volume-title":"Guidance document No. 27. 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