{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:05:54Z","timestamp":1792785954565,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787011200000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Bayer Crop Science","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/013xk4n31","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To date, there are very few studies focusing on risk mapping of agricultural drainflow losses of pesticides in Great Britain (GB). A spatially distributed landscape implementation of the U.K. higher-tier drainflow environmental risk assessment modeling framework at 1-km resolution was developed for three sample pesticide active substances and used to derive substance-specific drainflow risk index (DFRI) maps covering GB. The DFRI mapping approach comprised (a) definition of high-resolution landscape scenarios in the drainflow simulation modeling that would underpin the DFRI and (b) construction of two- and three-class bivariate DFRI maps aligned with the existing GB regulatory approach for use in field-scale risk assessment and communication. Visual comparison of the DFRI maps for the three active substances indicates the influence of substance properties, with the mobile nonpersistent substance demonstrating large areas of safe use and with the slightly mobile, moderately persistent substance demonstrating less low-risk areas. Across all three substance DFRI maps, there are locations where no\/few drained soils are present, indicating that inherently safe usage locations exist alongside the low-risk areas. A limiting factor of the DFRI approach is the reliance on generalized soil association data as an accurate representation of the soils actually present at a location. The DFRI approach offers an opportunity to move away from a binary regulatory decision of a product being registered or not to one that allows use in locations where it is safe to do so while prohibiting use in those locations where it is not. This more targeted approach would allow users access to a wider range of crop protection options to leverage greater benefits while reducing risks to aquatic habitats. To adopt such an approach, regulators would require reassurance that users could undertake and comply with the results of a field-level risk assessment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/inteam\/vjag137","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T12:57:05Z","timestamp":1787057825000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Agricultural drainflow: Landscape risk mapping to facilitate field-level risk assessments of plant protection products in Great Britain"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"given":"Gregory Owen","family":"Hughes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"GeoSpatial Analytics Ltd , Wolverhampton,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdul","family":"Abu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cambridge Environmental Assessments , Boxworth,","place":["United 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