{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T01:08:04Z","timestamp":1793495284957,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,20]],"date-time":"2020-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592611200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Dengue virus (DENV) is spreading to parts of the world where it had not been previously reported. Increased international travel has led to intercontinental importation of dengue by visitors returning from countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Although dengue is well documented in the rain forest region of Nigeria, there is a dearth of information in the Guinea Savannah region, which is a major transit point for local and international visitors in the most populous nation in Africa. We provide preliminary evidence of dengue activity in the Guinea Savannah and highlight the risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Blood was collected from a cross-section of 200 patients attending four hospitals in Anyigba, Kogi State. Anti-dengue antibody was identified using DENV immunoglobulin G (IgG) immunoassays. Questionnaires were used to obtain sociodemographic variables and risk factors. Data were analysed with SPSS version 16.0 for Windows.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Forty-two (20.5%) participants had anti-DENV IgG antibodies. Persons within the 45\u201359\u00a0y age group were more seropositive, with a rate of 35%. Males were more seropositive compared with females. Marriage, formal education, involvement in business activities and the presence of grasses around homes were associated with higher IgG seropositivity. The presence of open water containers around human dwellings and a lack of mosquito net use are predisposing factors.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study identified past exposure to DENV among people in Anyigba, located in the Guinea Savannah region. Proper diagnosis of febrile episodes is required to improve case management and curtail off-target treatment. The high rate of previous exposure of patients to dengue indicates the need to strengthen vector control and dengue surveillance programs.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/inthealth\/ihaa033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,8]],"date-time":"2020-06-08T11:13:58Z","timestamp":1591614838000},"page":"248-252","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Dengue in parts of the Guinea Savannah region of Nigeria and the risk of increased transmission"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"C A","family":"Omatola","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Kogi State, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A B","family":"Onoja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Moses","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Kogi State, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Mahmud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Kogi State, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C K","family":"Mofolorunsho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Kogi State University, Anyigba, Kogi State, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7446","key":"2021042802191621600_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12060","article-title":"The global distribution and burden of dengue","volume":"496","author":"Bhatt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"2021042802191621600_bib2","volume-title":"Global strategy for dengue prevention and control 2012\u20132020","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2012"},{"issue":"9857","key":"2021042802191621600_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1946","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61151-9","article-title":"Drivers, dynamics, and control of emerging vector-borne zoonotic diseases","volume":"380","author":"Kilpatrick","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"issue":"12 Suppl","key":"2021042802191621600_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S7","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2460","article-title":"Dengue: a continuing global threat","volume":"8","author":"Guzman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol."},{"key":"2021042802191621600_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.11.020","article-title":"The emergence of arthropod-borne viral diseases: a global perspective on dengue, chikungunya and zika fevers","volume":"166","author":"Mayer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"key":"2021042802191621600_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"l5710","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l5710","article-title":"Is Dengvaxia a useful vaccine for dengue endemic areas?","volume":"367","author":"Gubler","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021042802191621600_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0179725","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0179725","article-title":"Accuracy of Zika virus disease case definition during simultaneous dengue and chikungunya epidemics","volume":"12","author":"Braga","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"2021042802191621600_bib8","first-page":"349","article-title":"Dengue vaccine: WHO position paper \u2013 July 2016","volume-title":"Wkly Epidemiol Rec.","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2016"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021042802191621600_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2012.07.004","article-title":"Come fly with me: review of clinically important arboviruses for global travelers","volume":"55","author":"Cleton","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Virol."},{"key":"2021042802191621600_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2016.04.007","article-title":"High rate of unrecognized dengue virus infection in parts of the rainforest region of Nigeria","volume":"160","author":"Onoja","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021042802191621600_bib11","first-page":"129","article-title":"Dengue virus infections in patients suspected of malaria\/typhoid in Nigeria","volume":"5","author":"Baba","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021042802191621600_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2018.04.014","article-title":"Dengue haemorrhagic fever: an emerging disease in Nigeria, West Africa","volume":"11","author":"Fagbami","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Infect Public Health."},{"key":"2021042802191621600_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2014.02.017","article-title":"Deconstructing \u201cmalaria\u201d: West Africa as the next front for dengue fever surveillance and control","volume":"134","author":"Stoler","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021042802191621600_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2011.10-0521","article-title":"Health economics of dengue: a systematic literature review and expert panel's assessment","volume":"84","author":"Beatty","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg."},{"issue":"1","key":"2021042802191621600_bib15","first-page":"37","article-title":"Yellow fever vaccination in Nigeria: focus on Oyo State","volume":"16","author":"Onoja","year":"2016","journal-title":"Highland Med Res J."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021042802191621600_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.4314\/nvj.v40i3.7","article-title":"Screening of immunoglobulin G antibodies against chikungunya virus among urban population in Ilorin Nigeria","volume":"40","author":"Udeze","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nigerian Vet J."},{"key":"2021042802191621600_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2875-9-240","article-title":"Reduction in the proportion of fevers associated with Plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia in Africa: a systematic review","volume":"9","author":"D'Acremont","year":"2010","journal-title":"Malar J."},{"key":"2021042802191621600_bib18","article-title":"Dengue guidelines for diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control","volume-title":"WHO\/HTM\/NTD\/DEN\/2009","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2009"},{"issue":"12","key":"2021042802191621600_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3299","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003299","article-title":"A sero-epidemiological study of arboviral fevers in Djibouti, Horn of Africa","volume":"8","author":"Andayi","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis."},{"key":"2021042802191621600_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-016-1511-5","article-title":"Prevalence of dengue and chikungunya virus infections in north-eastern Tanzania: a cross-sectional study among participants presenting with malaria-like symptoms","volume":"16","author":"Kajeguka","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis."},{"issue":"6","key":"2021042802191621600_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.2217\/fvl.09.55","article-title":"Global spread of epidemic dengue: the influence of environmental change","volume":"4","author":"Ooi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Future Virol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2021042802191621600_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.20546\/ijcmas.2019.803.061","article-title":"Analysis of dengue fever among patients attending Dutse General Hospital in Jigawa State, Nigeria","volume":"8","author":"Kazaure","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"2021042802191621600_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0006430","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006430","article-title":"A serologic study of dengue in northwest Ethiopia: suggesting preventive and control measures","volume":"12","author":"Ferede","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis."},{"issue":"4","key":"2021042802191621600_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.9734\/IJTDH\/2016\/30632","article-title":"Risk factors for concurrent malaria and arbovirus infections in Handeni, northeastern Tanzania","volume":"20","author":"Ndosi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Trop Dis Health."}],"container-title":["International Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/inthealth\/article-pdf\/13\/3\/248\/37464671\/ihaa033.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/inthealth\/article-pdf\/13\/3\/248\/37464671\/ihaa033.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,28]],"date-time":"2021-04-28T18:35:56Z","timestamp":1619634956000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/inthealth\/article\/13\/3\/248\/5860251"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,20]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,20]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,27]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/inthealth\/ihaa033","relation":{},"ISSN":["1876-3413","1876-3405"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1876-3413","type":"print"},{"value":"1876-3405","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,20]]}}}