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B cells are the immune cells most associated with the genetic predispositions of SLE, and recent clinical studies showing that anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy induces drug-free remission have underscored the importance of B cells in SLE. Meanwhile, various B-cell subsets exist across different stages of differentiation, from naive B cells to plasma cells, and identifying the important subpopulations within SLE remains a critical future challenge. Years of B-cell repertoire analyses have revealed the importance of polyreactive B-cell receptors (BCRs) and autoantibodies that react to various self-antigens and microbial antigens. Particularly, memory B cells with polyreactive BCRs, which play a crucial role in biological defense during the fetal stage, are characteristically differentiated in SLE. Type I interferon-mediated expression of CXCL13 and IL-21 in CD4+ T cells is associated with the development of polyreactive memory B cells. The expansion of the polyreactive B-cell repertoire, vital for defending against infections such as viruses, may exert an intrinsic function in SLE.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxae058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,8]],"date-time":"2024-11-08T18:55:44Z","timestamp":1731092144000},"page":"189-194","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The role of polyreactive memory B cells in systemic lupus erythematosus"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7276-5254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keishi","family":"Fujio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo , Tokyo 113-8655,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshiyuki","family":"Ushijima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Graduate School of 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