{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T07:24:16Z","timestamp":1760081056550,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]],"date-time":"2025-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005010","name":"Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21956"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21956"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005010","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Fondo di Ateneo per la ricerca"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Autoimmune rheumatic diseases (AIRDs) encompass a spectrum of disorders with a partially understood pathogenesis. A role for polyomaviruses in AIRDs occurrence has been reported. However, the involvement of Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV), the main causative factor of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), an aggressive skin neoplasm related to immunosuppression, in AIRDs is unknown. The prevalence\/serological profiles of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to MCPyV large and small T (LT\/sT) oncoproteins and viral capsid proteins 1 and 2 (VP1\/2) were investigated herein in 540 immunosuppressive treatment-naive AIRD patients, encompassing 447 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 93 ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients by seven MCPyV-specific immunoassays. Control sera from 500 healthy subjects (HS) and 128 MCC patients were included. MCPyV DNA and LT\/VP1 mRNAs were evaluated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 75 randomly selected AIRD patients. AIRD patients exhibited higher prevalence and levels (optical densities) of serum anti-oncoprotein IgGs (12%\u201313%, 0.2\u20130.6) compared to HS (2%\u20137%, 0.1\u20130.4), but lower than MCC patients (70%\u201383%, 0.2\u20130.7) (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.05), with the increase being more pronounced in AS (24%\u201329%, 0.3\u20130.8) than in RA (9%\u201311%, 0.2\u20130.8) (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.05). Conversely, similar rates and levels of serum anti-capsid proteins IgGs were determined in most cases between study and control groups (60%\u201373%, 0.1\u20130.3) (P\u2005&amp;gt;\u2005.05). Moreover, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves indicated that the MCPyV serology can discriminate AIRD patients from HS (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.0001). A fraction (11%) of AIRD PBMCs tested MCPyV DNA (7.4\u2005\u00b1\u20052.6 [copy\/104 cells]) and mRNA-positive (0.5\u20130.1 [1\/\u0394Ct]), while matched sera showed high rates and levels of anti-oncoproteins IgGs (38%\u201375%, 0.2\u20132). Our study provides the first evidence that AIRD patients are immunologically responsive to MCPyV oncoproteins, with a fraction of these patients presenting an increased presentation of MCPyV LT and sT antigens, possibly due to viral LT\/sT oncogene expression in their PBMCs. These data suggest an association between MCPyV infection and AIRDs pathogenesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxaf029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,21]],"date-time":"2025-05-21T09:04:18Z","timestamp":1747818258000},"page":"625-634","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Increased serum IgG antibody response to Merkel cell polyomavirus oncoproteins in patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5091-0497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiara","family":"Mazziotta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara , Ferrara ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Center for Studies on Gender Medicine - Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara . Ferrara .","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Tonnini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara , Ferrara ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Milena","family":"Oimo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara , Ferrara ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian Felice","family":"Cervellera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara , Ferrara ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giada","family":"Badiale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara , Ferrara ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antoine","family":"Touz\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biologie des infections \u00e0 polyomavirus\u201d Team, UMR1282, University of Tours \u201c , Tours ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Assirelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine and Rheumatology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli , Bologna ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simona","family":"Neri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine and Rheumatology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli , Bologna ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Ursini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine and Rheumatology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli , Bologna ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna , Bologna ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Rossini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Verona , Verona ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Adami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Verona , Verona ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Davide","family":"Gatti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Verona , Verona ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcello","family":"Govoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, Department of Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara , Ferrara ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8269-7937","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mauro","family":"Tognon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara , Ferrara ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9137-0805","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernanda","family":"Martini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara , Ferrara ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Center for Studies on Gender Medicine - Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara . Ferrara .","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara , Ferrara ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5179-1525","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John Charles","family":"Rotondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino , Genova ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1878","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)00457-9","article-title":"Incidence, prevalence, and co-occurrence of autoimmune disorders over time and by age, sex, and socioeconomic status: a population-based cohort study of 22 million individuals in the UK","volume":"401","author":"Conrad","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1169","DOI":"10.1002\/art.42841","article-title":"Genetic approaches to study rheumatic diseases and its implications in clinical practice","volume":"76","author":"Rowczenio","year":"2024","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2024.152479","article-title":"Advancing autoimmune rheumatic disease treatment: CAR-T cell therapies - evidence, safety, and future directions","volume":"67","author":"Ohno","year":"2024","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.3390\/v15030782","article-title":"The role of viral infections in the onset of autoimmune diseases","volume":"15","author":"Sundaresan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100007","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amolm.2023.100007","article-title":"Parvovirus B19: Insights and implication for pathogenesis, prevention and therapy","volume":"1","author":"Zakrzewska","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aspects of Molecular Medicine"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1708","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms12081708","article-title":"Parvovirus B19 in rheumatic diseases","volume":"12","author":"Arvia","year":"2024","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0007","article-title":"Immunity and autoimmunity induced by polyomaviruses: clinical, experimental and theoretical aspects","volume-title":"Madame Curie Bioscience Database [Internet]","author":"Rekvig","year":"2000-2013"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203314559629","article-title":"Increased prevalence of JC polyomavirus viruria was associated with arthritis\/arthralgia in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"24","author":"Lu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/S12969-015-0033-9","article-title":"Review article: BK virus in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"13","author":"Gupta","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatr Rheumatol"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11464","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222111464","article-title":"Epigenetic Dysregulations in Merkel Cell Polyomavirus-Driven Merkel Cell Carcinoma","volume":"22","author":"Rotondo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2580","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.2580","article-title":"Merkel cell polyomavirus\u2014pathophysiology and treatment in the era of gene-targeted therapies","volume":"34","author":"Chokwassanasakulkit","year":"2024","journal-title":"Rev Med Virol"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1612","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2010.31.1704","article-title":"High levels of antibodies against merkel cell polyomavirus identify a subset of patients with merkel cell carcinoma with better clinical outcome","volume":"29","author":"Touz\u00e9","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00438-12","article-title":"Age-specific seroprevalences of merkel cell polyomavirus, human polyomaviruses 6, 7, and 9, and trichodysplasia spinulosa-associated polyomavirus","volume":"20","author":"Nicol","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1000578","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000578","article-title":"Quantitation of human seroresponsiveness to Merkel cell polyomavirus","volume":"5","author":"Pastrana","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e81078","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0081078","article-title":"Different serologic behavior of MCPyV, TSPyV, HPyV6, HPyV7 and HPyV9 polyomaviruses found on the skin","volume":"8","author":"Van Der Meijden","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0206273","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0206273","article-title":"Seroprevalence of fourteen human polyomaviruses determined in blood donors","volume":"13","author":"Kamminga","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2282","DOI":"10.3390\/v14102282","article-title":"Seroprevalence of four polyomaviruses linked to dermatological diseases: new findings and a comprehensive analysis","volume":"14","author":"Jeles","year":"2022","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.13601","article-title":"Immunological evidence of an early seroconversion to oncogenic Merkel cell polyomavirus in healthy children and young adults","volume":"168","author":"Mazziotta","year":"2023","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6176","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14246176","article-title":"Epidemiology of Merkel cell polyomavirus infection and Merkel cell carcinoma","volume":"14","author":"Silling","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1708","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiw040","article-title":"Ecology of merkel cell polyomavirus in healthy skin among individuals in an Asian cohort","volume":"213","author":"Hashida","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2013.06.004","article-title":"Merkel cell polyomavirus infection occurs during early childhood and is transmitted between siblings","volume":"58","author":"Martel-Jantin","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.03.020","article-title":"The frequency of Merkel cell polyomavirus in whole blood from immunocompetent and immunosuppressed patients with kidney disease and healthy donors","volume":"131","author":"Jin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Microb Pathog"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101390","DOI":"10.1016\/J.XCRM.2023.101390","article-title":"Merkel cell polyomavirus-specific and CD39+CLA+ CD8 T cells as blood-based predictive biomarkers for PD-1 blockade in Merkel cell carcinoma","volume":"5","author":"Ryu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Reports Med"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23286","DOI":"10.1038\/srep23286","article-title":"P2X7 receptor suppression preserves blood-brain barrier through inhibiting RhoA activation after experimental intracerebral hemorrhage in rats","volume":"6","author":"Zhao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3929","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-16-2899","article-title":"Merkel cell carcinomas arising in autoimmune disease affected patients treated with biologic drugs including anti-TNF","volume":"23","author":"Rotondo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1002\/mc.23190","article-title":"Polyomavirus-driven Merkel cell carcinoma: Prospects for therapeutic vaccine development","volume":"59","author":"Tabachnick-Cherny","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol Carcinog"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"676627","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.676627","article-title":"Serum antibodies against the oncogenic merkel cell polyomavirus detected by an innovative immunological assay with mimotopes in healthy subjects","volume":"12","author":"Mazziotta","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"738486","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.738486","article-title":"Decreased IgG antibody response to viral protein mimotopes of oncogenic merkel cell polyomavirus in sera from healthy elderly subjects","volume":"12","author":"Mazziotta","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14536","DOI":"10.1111\/1751-7915.14536","article-title":"Serum antibodies against mimotopes of Merkel cell polyomavirus oncoproteins detected by a novel immunoassay in healthy individuals and Merkel cell carcinoma patients","volume":"17","author":"Mazziotta","year":"2024","journal-title":"Microb Biotechnol"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/S12891-016-1318-Y","article-title":"The Scottish Early Rheumatoid Arthritis (SERA) Study: an inception cohort and biobank","volume":"17","author":"Dale","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1590\/0074-02760160119","article-title":"Calculation of the ELISA\u2019s cut-off based on the change-point analysis method for detection of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in Bolivian dogs in the absence of controls","volume":"111","author":"Lardeux","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/s0923-2508(00)01178-5","volume-title":"The ELISA guidebook, Methods in Molecular Biology","author":"Meyer","year":"2001"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e28949","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.28949","article-title":"Distinct retinoic gene signatures discriminate Merkel cell Polyomavirus-positive from -negative Merkel cell carcinoma cells","volume":"95","author":"Mazziotta","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3918","DOI":"10.3389\/FONC.2021.679285","article-title":"A3 adenosine and P2X7 purinergic receptors as new targets for an innovative pharmacological therapy of malignant pleural mesothelioma","volume":"11","author":"Vincenzi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6081","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25116081","article-title":"Exploring the pathogenesis of spondylarthritis beyond HLA-B27: a descriptive review","volume":"25","author":"Nagit","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7204","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.23208","article-title":"Inflammatory responses and inflammation-associated diseases in organs","volume":"9","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2455","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18052455","article-title":"Link between viral infections, immune system, inflammation and diet","volume":"18","author":"Suardi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1009708","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1009708","article-title":"Antibody-independent functions of B cells during viral infections","volume":"17","author":"Upasani","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13609","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241713609","article-title":"Antibody cross-reactivity in auto-immune diseases","volume":"24","author":"Trier","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abj7965","article-title":"Mechanisms of viral inflammation and disease in humans","volume":"374","author":"Casanova","year":"2021","journal-title":"Science (New York, N.Y.)"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2797","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-024-01837-0","article-title":"Persistent viral RNA and protein contribute to post-acute pathology","volume":"9","author":"Chew","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Microbiol"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-virology-011720-121757","article-title":"Molecular mechanisms of merkel cell polyomavirus transformation and replication","volume":"7","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Annu Rev Virol"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0043","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines8030473","article-title":"Investigation on spontaneous abortion and human papillomavirus infection","volume":"8","author":"Tognon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vaccines"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0044","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tracli.2022.10.007","article-title":"Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) DNA prevalence in Brazilian blood donors","volume":"30","author":"Zucherato","year":"2023","journal-title":"Transfus Clin Biol"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0045","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E326","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.27376","article-title":"Kaposi sarcoma and Merkel cell carcinoma after autoimmune disease","volume":"131","author":"Hemminki","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1328","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers6031328","article-title":"Merkel cell carcinoma in immunosuppressed patients","volume":"6","author":"Ma","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0047","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s13365-014-0234-x","article-title":"Reactivation of human polyomaviruses in immunocompromised states","volume":"20","author":"Wiedinger","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neurovirol"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0048","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.3390\/dermato3010003","article-title":"Merkel cell carcinoma in kidney transplant recipients","volume":"3","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dermato"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0049","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"836119","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.836119","article-title":"Editorial: recent advances in potential biomarkers for rheumatic diseases and in cell-based therapies in the management of inflammatory rheumatic diseases","volume":"12","author":"Saas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2025091003372668600_CIT0050","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1011598","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1011598","article-title":"Characterization of molecular mechanisms driving Merkel cell polyomavirus oncogene transcription and tumorigenic potential","volume":"19","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"}],"container-title":["International Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/intimm\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/intimm\/dxaf029\/63617019\/dxaf029.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/intimm\/article-pdf\/37\/10\/625\/63617019\/dxaf029.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/intimm\/article-pdf\/37\/10\/625\/63617019\/dxaf029.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]],"date-time":"2025-09-10T07:37:34Z","timestamp":1757489854000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/intimm\/article\/37\/10\/625\/8156842"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/intimm\/dxaf029","relation":{},"ISSN":["1460-2377"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1460-2377"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]]}}}