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Thus, we sought to clarify whether IL-10 enhanced the M2 phenotype induced by IL-4. In this study, we showed that IL-10 enhanced IL-4R\u03b1 expression in M-CSF-induced bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). Global gene expression analysis of M2 macrophages induced by IL-4, IL-10 or IL-4 + IL-10 showed that IL-10 enhanced gene expression of M2a markers induced by IL-4 in M-CSF-induced BMDMs. Moreover, IL-4 and IL-10 synergistically induced CCL24 (Eotaxin-2) production. Enhanced CCL24 expression was also observed in GM-CSF-induced BMDMs and zymosan-elicited, thioglycolate-elicited and naive peritoneal macrophages. CCL24 is a CCR3 agonist and an eosinophil chemoattractant. In vitro, IL-4 + IL-10-stimulated macrophages produced a large amount of CCL24 and increased eosinophil migration, which was inhibited by anti-CCL24 antibody. We also showed that IL-4 + IL-10-stimulated (but not IL-4 or IL-10 alone) macrophages transferred into the peritoneum of C57BL\/6J mice increased eosinophil infiltration into the peritoneal cavity. These results demonstrate that IL-4 + IL-10-simulated macrophages have enhanced M2a macrophage-related gene expression, CCL24 production and eosinophil infiltration-inducing activity, thereby suggesting their contribution to eosinophil-related diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxu090","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,30]],"date-time":"2014-09-30T01:45:01Z","timestamp":1412041501000},"page":"131-141","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":200,"title":["IL-10 enhances the phenotype of M2 macrophages induced by IL-4 and confers the ability to increase eosinophil migration"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Naoyuki","family":"Makita","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Exploratory Pharmacology 1 , Asubio Pharma Co., Ltd., 6-4-3, Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshiyuki","family":"Hizukuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Exploratory Technology, Asubio Pharma Co., Ltd. 2 , 6-4-3, Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047 , Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyoko","family":"Yamashiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Exploratory Technology, Asubio Pharma Co., Ltd. 2 , 6-4-3, Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047 , Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masao","family":"Murakawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Exploratory Pharmacology 1 , Asubio Pharma Co., Ltd., 6-4-3, Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuhiro","family":"Hayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Exploratory Technology, Asubio Pharma Co., Ltd. 2 , 6-4-3, Minatojima-Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047 , Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022090621094700300_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2448","article-title":"Exploring the full spectrum of macrophage activation","volume":"8","author":"Mosser","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. 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