{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T22:23:54Z","timestamp":1789683834910,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":135,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,8]],"date-time":"2019-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1549584000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"SITC-Merck Fellowship"},{"name":"Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center\/FHCRC"},{"name":"SITC-Merck Fellowship"},{"name":"Immunotherapy Integrated Research Center\/FHCRC"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32CA009515"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32CA009515"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32GM095421"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32GM095421"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Among all tumor types, skin cancers are profoundly sensitive to immunotherapy. Indeed, the recently reported response rates for anti-PD-1 (anti-programmed-death 1) therapy for cutaneous malignant melanomas (MM), Merkel cell carcinomas, basal cell carcinomas, cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas and Kaposi sarcomas are all above 40%. This unique immunogenicity renders skin cancers as a paradigm for tumor\u2013immune interactions and is driven by high mutational burdens, over-expressed tumor antigens and\/or viral antigens. However, despite the clear demonstration of immunologic cure of skin cancer in some patients, most tumors develop either early (primary) or late (adaptive) resistance to immunotherapy. Resistance mechanisms are complex, and include contributions of tumor cell-intrinsic, T cell and microenvironment factors that have been recently further elucidated with the advent of single-cell technologies. This review will focus on the exciting progress with immunotherapy for skin cancers to date, and also our current understanding of the mechanisms of resistance to immunotherapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxz012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,4]],"date-time":"2019-02-04T23:18:07Z","timestamp":1549322287000},"page":"465-475","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Immunotherapy for skin cancer"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0033-3708","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kelly G","family":"Paulson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Division, Program in Immunology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA"},{"name":"Divisions of Medical Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miranda C","family":"Lahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Division, Program in Immunology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA"},{"name":"Divisions of Medical Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aude G","family":"Chapuis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Division, Program in Immunology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA"},{"name":"Divisions of Medical Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isaac","family":"Brownell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21442","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2018","volume":"68","author":"Siegel","year":"2018","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2017.10.028","article-title":"Merkel cell carcinoma: current US incidence and projected increases based on changing demographics","volume":"78","author":"Paulson","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e397","DOI":"10.14694\/EdBook_AM.2014.34.e397","article-title":"Developments in the treatment of locally advanced and metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the skin: a rising unmet need","volume":"34","author":"Palyca","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. Educ. Book"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2015.1187","article-title":"Incidence estimate of nonmelanoma skin cancer (keratinocyte carcinomas) in the U.S. population, 2012","volume":"151","author":"Rogers","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2517","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1104621","article-title":"Ipilimumab plus dacarbazine for previously untreated metastatic melanoma","volume":"364","author":"Robert","year":"2011","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1709684","article-title":"Overall survival with combined nivolumab and ipilimumab in advanced melanoma","volume":"377","author":"Wolchok","year":"2017","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1734","DOI":"10.1126\/science.271.5256.1734","article-title":"Enhancement of antitumor immunity by CTLA-4 blockade","volume":"271","author":"Leach","year":"1996","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3887","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05481.x","article-title":"Induced expression of PD-1, a novel member of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily, upon programmed cell death","volume":"11","author":"Ishida","year":"1992","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462415586316","article-title":"The risk of non-melanoma skin cancer in HIV-infected patients: new data and meta-analysis","volume":"27","author":"Zhao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. STD AIDS"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1622","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.2012.02520.x","article-title":"Nonmelanoma skin cancer in solid organ transplant recipients: update on epidemiology, risk factors, and management","volume":"38","author":"Tessari","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dermatol. Surg."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)07668-7","article-title":"Merkel cell carcinoma and HIV infection","volume":"359","author":"Engels","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2007.11.020","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of Merkel cell carcinoma at diagnosis in 195 patients: the AEIOU features","volume":"58","author":"Heath","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2012.388","article-title":"Systemic immune suppression predicts diminished Merkel cell carcinoma-specific survival independent of stage","volume":"133","author":"Paulson","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61050-2","article-title":"Incidence of cancers in people with HIV\/AIDS compared with immunosuppressed transplant recipients: a meta-analysis","volume":"370","author":"Grulich","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1724","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.24931","article-title":"Skin cancers associated with HIV infection and solid-organ transplantation among elderly adults","volume":"126","author":"Lanoy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5117","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1501657","article-title":"Landscape of tumor antigens in T cell immunotherapy","volume":"195","author":"Ilyas","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2500","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1713444","article-title":"Tumor mutational burden and response rate to PD-1 inhibition","volume":"377","author":"Yarchoan","year":"2017","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1462","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.24765","article-title":"Reviewing the genetic alterations in high-risk cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: a search for prognostic markers and therapeutic targets","volume":"39","author":"Ashford","year":"2017","journal-title":"Head Neck"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0019","article-title":"Comparative genomic profiling of refractory\/metastatic penile and non-penile cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: implications for selection of systemic therapy","author":"Jacob","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2018.08.017","article-title":"Pembrolizumab for advanced basal cell carcinoma: an investigator-initiated, proof-of-concept study","volume":"80","author":"Chang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2015.154","article-title":"Next generation sequencing of cytokeratin 20-negative Merkel cell carcinoma reveals ultraviolet-signature mutations and recurrent TP53 and RB1 inactivation","volume":"29","author":"Harms","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mod. Pathol."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2012.06.024","article-title":"A landscape of driver mutations in melanoma","volume":"150","author":"Hodis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6582","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-14-1768","article-title":"Mutational landscape of aggressive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"20","author":"Pickering","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3403","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.6494","article-title":"Mutational landscape of MCPyV-positive and MCPyV-negative Merkel cell carcinomas with implications for immunotherapy","volume":"7","author":"Goh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1186\/s13073-017-0424-2","article-title":"Analysis of 100,000 human cancer genomes reveals the landscape of tumor mutational burden","volume":"9","author":"Chalmers","year":"2017","journal-title":"Genome Med."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2598","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-17-0386","article-title":"Tumor mutational burden as an independent predictor of response to immunotherapy in diverse cancers","volume":"16","author":"Goodman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer Ther."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-18-0121","article-title":"Successful treatment of HIV-associated Kaposi sarcoma with immune checkpoint blockade","volume":"6","author":"Galanina","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol. Res."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.70.1.549-558.1996","article-title":"Primary characterization of a herpesvirus agent associated with Kaposi\u2019s sarcomae","volume":"70","author":"Moore","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1152586","article-title":"Clonal integration of a polyomavirus in human Merkel cell carcinoma","volume":"319","author":"Feng","year":"2008","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340356","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/340356","article-title":"The T-cell immune response against Kaposi\u2019s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus","volume":"2010","author":"Robey","year":"2010","journal-title":"Adv. Virol."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6671","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-11-1513","article-title":"Merkel cell polyomavirus-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T-cell responses identified in Merkel cell carcinomas and blood","volume":"17","author":"Iyer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aao4572","article-title":"Patient HLA class I genotype influences cancer response to checkpoint blockade immunotherapy","volume":"359","author":"Chowell","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI98689","article-title":"Tumor-infiltrating BRAFV600E-specific CD4+ T cells correlated with complete clinical response in melanoma","volume":"128","author":"Veatch","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1038\/cr.2016.154","article-title":"Driving gene-engineered T cell immunotherapy of cancer","volume":"27","author":"Johnson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Res."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05661","article-title":"Melanoma biology and new targeted therapy","volume":"445","author":"Gray-Schopfer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0036","first-page":"3","article-title":"The treatment of malignant tumors by repeated inoculations of erysipelas. With a report of ten original cases. 1893","volume":"262","author":"Coley","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0037","first-page":"154","article-title":"The toxins of William B. Coley and the treatment of bone and soft-tissue sarcomas","volume":"26","author":"McCarthy","year":"2006","journal-title":"Iowa Orthop. J."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-197410000-00029","article-title":"BCG immunotherapy of malignant melanoma: summary of a seven-year experience","volume":"180","author":"Morton","year":"1974","journal-title":"Ann. Surg."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197508)36:2+<821::AID-CNCR2820360829>3.0.CO;2-U","article-title":"Future prospects for immunotherapy","volume":"36","author":"Rosenberg","year":"1975","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0040","first-page":"165","article-title":"DTIC (NSC-45388) in malignant melanoma: a perspective","volume":"60","author":"Comis","year":"1976","journal-title":"Cancer Treat. Rep."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00965","article-title":"Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Gu\u00e9rin alters melanoma microenvironment favoring antitumor T cell responses and improving M2 macrophage function","volume":"8","author":"Lardone","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1080\/14712598.2017.1289169","article-title":"Role of interferon in melanoma: old hopes and new perspectives","volume":"17","author":"Sanlorenzo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Biol. Ther."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2015.11.014","article-title":"Long term follow up of the EORTC 18952 trial of adjuvant therapy in resected stage IIB-III cutaneous melanoma patients comparing intermediate doses of interferon-alpha-2b (IFN) with observation: ulceration of primary is key determinant for IFN-sensitivity","volume":"55","author":"Eggermont","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1186\/s40425-017-0279-5","article-title":"High-dose interleukin-2 (HD IL-2) for advanced melanoma: a single center experience from the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute","volume":"5","author":"Davar","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Immunother. Cancer"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3983","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.7.3983","article-title":"IL-2, regulatory T cells, and tolerance","volume":"172","author":"Nelson","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5233","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2008.16.5449","article-title":"Adoptive cell therapy for patients with metastatic melanoma: evaluation of intensive myeloablative chemoradiation preparative regimens","volume":"26","author":"Dudley","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16168","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.242600099","article-title":"Adoptive T cell therapy using antigen-specific CD8+ T cell clones for the treatment of patients with metastatic melanoma: in vivo persistence, migration, and antitumor effect of transferred T cells","volume":"99","author":"Yee","year":"2002","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2457","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-13-3017","article-title":"Adoptive transfer of MART-1 T-cell receptor transgenic lymphocytes and dendritic cell vaccination in patients with metastatic melanoma","volume":"20","author":"Chodon","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20152021","article-title":"Combined IL-21-primed polyclonal CTL plus CTLA4 blockade controls refractory metastatic melanoma in a patient","volume":"213","author":"Chapuis","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4592","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1113748109","article-title":"Transferred melanoma-specific CD8+ T cells persist, mediate tumor regression, and acquire central memory phenotype","volume":"109","author":"Chapuis","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1097\/PPO.0000000000000240","article-title":"Adoptive cell therapy for metastatic melanoma","volume":"23","author":"Merhavi-Shoham","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer J."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-017-2073-0","article-title":"Clinical and immunologic evaluation of three metastatic melanoma patients treated with autologous melanoma-reactive TCR-transduced T cells","volume":"67","author":"Moore","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol. Immunother."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2780","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2014.58.3377","article-title":"Talimogene laherparepvec improves durable response rate in patients with advanced melanoma","volume":"33","author":"Andtbacka","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1038\/nature23003","article-title":"Personalized RNA mutanome vaccines mobilize poly-specific therapeutic immunity against cancer","volume":"547","author":"Sahin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1038\/nature22991","article-title":"An immunogenic personal neoantigen vaccine for patients with melanoma","volume":"547","author":"Ott","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1366","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-17-1418","article-title":"Combined analysis of antigen presentation and T-cell recognition reveals restricted immune responses in melanoma","volume":"8","author":"Kalaora","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Discov."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5728(96)00168-3","article-title":"Specific blockade of CTLA-4\/B7 interactions results in exacerbated clinical and histologic disease in an actively-induced model of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis","volume":"73","author":"Hurwitz","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80406-9","article-title":"Lymphoproliferation in CTLA-4-deficient mice is mediated by costimulation-dependent activation of CD4+ T cells","volume":"7","author":"Chambers","year":"1997","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1003466","article-title":"Improved survival with ipilimumab in patients with metastatic melanoma","volume":"363","author":"Hodi","year":"2010","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2503","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1709684","article-title":"Nivolumab and ipilimumab in advanced melanoma","volume":"377","author":"Wolchok","year":"2017","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1853","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)31601-X","article-title":"Pembrolizumab versus ipilimumab for advanced melanoma: final overall survival results of a multicentre, randomised, open-label phase 3 study (KEYNOTE-006)","volume":"390","author":"Schachter","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2017.74.1025","article-title":"Long-term outcomes in patients with BRAF V600-mutant metastatic melanoma who received dabrafenib combined with trametinib","volume":"36","author":"Long","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1007\/s11912-016-0531-z","article-title":"Influences of BRAF inhibitors on the immune microenvironment and the rationale for combined molecular and immune targeted therapy","volume":"18","author":"Reddy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Oncol. Rep."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1651","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20051848","article-title":"The BRAF-MAPK signaling pathway is essential for cancer-immune evasion in human melanoma cells","volume":"203","author":"Sumimoto","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-12-2731","article-title":"The activation of MAPK in melanoma cells resistant to BRAF inhibition promotes PD-L1 expression that is reversible by MEK and PI3K inhibition","volume":"19","author":"Jiang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-12-1630","article-title":"BRAF inhibition is associated with enhanced melanoma antigen expression and a more favorable tumor microenvironment in patients with metastatic melanoma","volume":"19","author":"Frederick","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127ps8","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3003634","article-title":"Raising the bar: the curative potential of human cancer immunotherapy","volume":"4","author":"Rosenberg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1889","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2014.56.2736","article-title":"Pooled analysis of long-term survival data from phase II and phase III trials of ipilimumab in unresectable or metastatic melanoma","volume":"33","author":"Schadendorf","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1668","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2017.75.6270","article-title":"Durable complete response after discontinuation of pembrolizumab in patients with metastatic melanoma","volume":"36","author":"Robert","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1802357","article-title":"Adjuvant pembrolizumab versus placebo in resected stage III melanoma","volume":"378","author":"Eggermont","year":"2018","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1824","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1709030","article-title":"Adjuvant nivolumab versus ipilimumab in resected stage III or IV melanoma","volume":"377","author":"Weber","year":"2017","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4960","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-18-3340","article-title":"Baseline tumor size is an independent prognostic factor for overall survival in patients with melanoma treated with pembrolizumab","volume":"24","author":"Joseph","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2017.01.017","article-title":"Primary, adaptive, and acquired resistance to cancer immunotherapy","volume":"168","author":"Sharma","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2018.01.040","article-title":"Early TCR signaling induces rapid aerobic glycolysis enabling distinct acute T cell effector functions","volume":"22","author":"Menk","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e46","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines4040046","article-title":"Tumor microenvironment metabolism: a new checkpoint for anti-tumor immunity","volume":"4","author":"Scharping","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vaccines (Basel)"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29914","DOI":"10.1038\/srep29914","article-title":"Tumour hypoxia promotes melanoma growth and metastasis via high mobility group box-1 and M2-like macrophages","volume":"6","author":"Huber","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2018.03.011","article-title":"Tumor-resident dendritic cells and macrophages modulate the accumulation of TCR-engineered T cells in melanoma","volume":"26","author":"Hotblack","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1655","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-018-0198-0","article-title":"Neoadjuvant versus adjuvant ipilimumab plus nivolumab in macroscopic stage III melanoma","volume":"24","author":"Blank","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.124507","article-title":"Tumor-draining lymph nodes are pivotal in PD-1\/PD-L1 checkpoint therapy","volume":"3","author":"Fransen","year":"2018","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1805131","article-title":"PD-1 blockade with cemiplimab in advanced cutaneous squamous-cell carcinoma","volume":"379","author":"Migden","year":"2018","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2542","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1603702","article-title":"PD-1 blockade with pembrolizumab in advanced Merkel-cell carcinoma","volume":"374","author":"Nghiem","year":"2016","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0082","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2018.36.15_suppl.9506","article-title":"Durable tumor regression and overall survival (OS) in patients with advanced Merkel cell carcinoma (aMCC) receiving pembrolizumab as first-line therapy","volume":"36","author":"Nghiem","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0083","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e180077","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2018.0077","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of first-line avelumab treatment in patients with stage IV metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma: a preplanned interim analysis of a clinical trial","volume":"4","author":"D\u2019Angelo","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s40425-017-0310-x","article-title":"Updated efficacy of avelumab in patients with previously treated metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma after \u22651 year of follow-up: JAVELIN Merkel 200, a phase 2 clinical trial","volume":"6","author":"Kaufman","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Immunother. Cancer"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1186\/s40425-017-0263-0","article-title":"Angiosarcoma treated successfully with anti-PD-1 therapy - a case report","volume":"5","author":"Sindhu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Immunother. Cancer"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1714","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2017.77.6385","article-title":"Management of immune-related adverse events in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: American Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guideline","volume":"36","author":"Brahmer","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1097\/CMR.0000000000000017","article-title":"Sweet\u2019s syndrome in a patient with metastatic melanoma after ipilimumab therapy","volume":"23","author":"Pintova","year":"2013","journal-title":"Melanoma Res."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0088","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1097\/CMR.0000000000000261","article-title":"Ipilimumab-induced acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis in a patient with metastatic melanoma","volume":"26","author":"Hwang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Melanoma Res."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0089","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.currproblcancer.2016.12.001","article-title":"Cutaneous adverse effects of the immune checkpoint inhibitors","volume":"41","author":"Collins","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Probl. Cancer"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2016.10.044","article-title":"Vitiligo-like lesions occurring in patients receiving anti-programmed cell death-1 therapies are clinically and biologically distinct from vitiligo","volume":"76","author":"Larsabal","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0091","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2015.2707","article-title":"Association of vitiligo with tumor response in patients with metastatic melanoma treated with pembrolizumab","volume":"152","author":"Hua","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0092","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2015.1916","article-title":"Pembrolizumab cutaneous adverse events and their association with disease progression","volume":"151","author":"Sanlorenzo","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0093","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdcr.2018.08.009","article-title":"Vitiligo in a patient undergoing nivolumab treatment for non-small cell lung cancer","volume":"4","author":"Kosche","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAAD Case Rep."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0094","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lungcan.2017.04.019","article-title":"Vitiligo in a patient with lung adenocarcinoma treated with nivolumab: a case report","volume":"109","author":"Uenami","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lung Cancer"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2014.57.4756","article-title":"Vitiligo-like depigmentation in patients with stage III-IV melanoma receiving immunotherapy and its association with survival: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"33","author":"Teulings","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0096","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-17-1178","article-title":"Immunotherapy resistance by inflammation-induced dedifferentiation","volume":"8","author":"Mehta","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Discov."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0097","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1604958","article-title":"Mutations associated with acquired resistance to PD-1 blockade in melanoma","volume":"375","author":"Zaretsky","year":"2016","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0098","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eear3342","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aar3342","article-title":"MHC proteins confer differential sensitivity to CTLA-4 and PD-1 blockade in untreated metastatic melanoma","volume":"10","author":"Rodig","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0099","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3868","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-06300-3","article-title":"Acquired cancer resistance to combination immunotherapy from transcriptional loss of class I HLA","volume":"9","author":"Paulson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.09.006","article-title":"A cancer cell program promotes T cell exclusion and resistance to checkpoint blockade","volume":"175","author":"Jerby-Arnon","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2018.02.024","article-title":"Increased tumor glycolysis characterizes immune resistance to adoptive T cell therapy","volume":"27","author":"Cascone","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/aqx071","article-title":"CD200 expression in neuroendocrine neoplasms","volume":"148","author":"Love","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Pathol."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1426517","DOI":"10.1080\/2162402X.2018.1426517","article-title":"Merkel cell carcinoma expresses the immunoregulatory ligand CD200 and induces immunosuppressive macrophages and regulatory T cells","volume":"7","author":"Gaiser","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oncoimmunology"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eear3593","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aar3593","article-title":"Pan-tumor genomic biomarkers for PD-1 checkpoint blockade-based immunotherapy","volume":"362","author":"Cristescu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-16-0143","article-title":"Targeted next generation sequencing identifies markers of response to PD-1 blockade","volume":"4","author":"Johnson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol. Res."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-18-0136","article-title":"Peripheral blood TCR repertoire profiling may facilitate patient stratification for immunotherapy against melanoma","volume":"7","author":"Hogan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol. Res."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7083","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-17-1856","article-title":"Emergence of high-avidity melan-A-specific clonotypes as a reflection of anti-PD-1 clinical efficacy","volume":"77","author":"Simon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-16-0210","article-title":"Tumor-infiltrating Merkel cell polyomavirus-specific T cells are diverse and associated with improved patient survival","volume":"5","author":"Miller","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol. Res."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.1982","article-title":"Wnt signaling arrests effector T cell differentiation and generates CD8+ memory stem cells","volume":"15","author":"Gattinoni","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.10.038","article-title":"Defining T cell states associated with response to checkpoint immunotherapy in melanoma","volume":"175","author":"Sade-Feldman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0812-9","article-title":"Tissue-resident memory CD8+ T cells promote melanoma-immune equilibrium in skin","volume":"565","author":"Park","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.154.3.952","article-title":"Eradication of disseminated murine leukemia by chemoimmunotherapy with cyclophosphamide and adoptively transferred immune syngeneic Lyt-1 + 2- lymphocytes","volume":"154","author":"Greenberg","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13954","article-title":"PD-1 blockade induces responses by inhibiting adaptive immune resistance","volume":"515","author":"Tumeh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5347","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-18-1116","article-title":"Age correlates with response to anti-PD1, reflecting age-related differences in intratumoral effector and regulatory T-cell populations","volume":"24","author":"Kugel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3239","article-title":"The blockade of immune checkpoints in cancer immunotherapy","volume":"12","author":"Pardoll","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2015.02.015","article-title":"Macrophages and therapeutic resistance in cancer","volume":"27","author":"Ruffell","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5024","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-16-0698","article-title":"Dynamic changes in PD-L1 expression and immune infiltrates early during treatment predict response to PD-1 blockade in melanoma","volume":"23","author":"Vilain","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2017.12.029","article-title":"Merkel cell carcinomas infiltrated with CD33+ myeloid cells and CD8+ T cells are associated with improved outcome","volume":"78","author":"Kervarrec","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3902","article-title":"Immunological hallmarks of stromal cells in the tumour microenvironment","volume":"15","author":"Turley","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1195300","article-title":"Suppression of antitumor immunity by stromal cells expressing fibroblast activation protein-alpha","volume":"330","author":"Kraman","year":"2010","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-18-0086","article-title":"Stromal fibroblasts mediate anti-PD-1 resistance via MMP-9 and dictate TGF\u03b2 inhibitor sequencing in melanoma","volume":"6","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol. Res."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(99)70261-6","article-title":"Therapeutic response of basal cell carcinoma to the immune response modifier imiquimod 5% cream","volume":"41","author":"Beutner","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1178","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-018-0085-8","article-title":"A natural killer-dendritic cell axis defines checkpoint therapy-responsive tumor microenvironments","volume":"24","author":"Barry","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1159\/000217850","article-title":"Expansion of peripheral blood natural killer cells correlates with clinical outcome in cancer patients receiving recombinant subcutaneous interleukin-2 and interferon-alpha-2","volume":"14","author":"Atzpodien","year":"1993","journal-title":"Tumour Biol."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12164","article-title":"A melanoma immune response signature including human leukocyte antigen-E","volume":"27","author":"Tremante","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1038\/nature23270","article-title":"In vivo CRISPR screening identifies Ptpn2 as a cancer immunotherapy target","volume":"547","author":"Manguso","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2018.06.034","article-title":"Outcomes by line of therapy and programmed death ligand 1 expression in patients with advanced melanoma treated with pembrolizumab or ipilimumab in KEYNOTE-006: a randomised clinical trial","volume":"101","author":"Carlino","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdx176","article-title":"Dabrafenib plus trametinib versus dabrafenib monotherapy in patients with metastatic BRAF V600E\/K-mutant melanoma: long-term survival and safety analysis of a phase 3 study","volume":"28","author":"Long","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann. Oncol."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2509","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1500596","article-title":"PD-1 blockade in tumors with mismatch-repair deficiency","volume":"372","author":"Le","year":"2015","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1483","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(17)30616-2","article-title":"First-line pembrolizumab in cisplatin-ineligible patients with locally advanced and unresectable or metastatic urothelial cancer (KEYNOTE-052): a multicentre, single-arm, phase 2 study","volume":"18","author":"Balar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0131","first-page":"1","article-title":"Pembrolizumab treatment of advanced cervical cancer: updated results from the phase 2 KEYNOTE-158 study","volume":"36","author":"Chung","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2018.10.003","article-title":"Third-line nivolumab monotherapy in recurrent SCLC: checkmate 032","volume":"14","author":"Ready","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Thorac. Oncol."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2018","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1501824","article-title":"Pembrolizumab for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer","volume":"372","author":"Garon","year":"2015","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2013.07.012","article-title":"Oncology meets immunology: the cancer-immunity cycle","volume":"39","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2019071304355318000_CIT0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1539","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2010.30.6308","article-title":"Transcriptome-wide studies of Merkel cell carcinoma and validation of intratumoral CD8+ lymphocyte invasion as an independent predictor of survival","volume":"29","author":"Paulson","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."}],"container-title":["International Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/intimm\/article-pdf\/31\/7\/465\/28933185\/dxz012.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,14]],"date-time":"2024-07-14T10:55:03Z","timestamp":1720954503000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/intimm\/article\/31\/7\/465\/5310046"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,8]]},"references-count":135,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,13]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/intimm\/dxz012","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.735081578.793567561","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1460-2377"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1460-2377","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,8]]}}}