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Dynamically induced heterogeneous wave propagation may fracture and initiate reentry-based cardiac arrhythmias, during which fast-rotating electrical waves lead to repeated self-excitation that compromises cardiac function and potentially results in sudden cardiac death. Species which function effectively over a large range of heart temperatures must balance the many interacting, temperature-sensitive biochemical processes to maintain normal wave propagation at all temperatures. To investigate how these species avoid dangerous states across temperatures, we optically mapped the electrical activity across the surfaces of alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) hearts at 23\u00b0C and 38\u00b0C over a range of physiological heart rates and compare them with that of rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). We find that unlike rabbits, alligators show minimal changes in wave parameters (action potential duration and conduction velocity) which complement each other to retain similar electrophysiological wavelengths across temperatures and pacing frequencies. The cardiac electrophysiology of rabbits accommodates the high heart rates necessary to sustain an active and endothermic metabolism at the cost of increased risk of cardiac arrhythmia and critical vulnerability to temperature changes, whereas that of alligators allows for effective function over a range of heart temperatures without risk of cardiac electrical arrhythmias such as fibrillation, but is restricted to low heart rates.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Synopsis La contracci\u00f3n card\u00edaca efectiva durante cada latido del coraz\u00f3n depende de la coordinaci\u00f3n de una onda el\u00e9ctrica de excitaci\u00f3n que se propaga a trav\u00e9s del coraz\u00f3n. Heterog\u00e9idades inducidas din\u00e1micamente por ondas de propagaci\u00f3n pueden resultar en fracturas de las ondas e iniciar arritmias card\u00edacas basadas en ondas de reingreso, durante las cuales ondas espirales el\u00e9ctricas de rotaci\u00f3n r\u00e1pida producen una autoexcitaci\u00f3n repetida que afecta la funci\u00f3n card\u00edaca y pude resultar en muerte s\u00fabita card\u00edaca. Las especies que funcionan eficazmente en una amplia gama de temperaturas card\u00edacas deben equilibrar los varios procesos bioqu\u00edmicos que interact\u00faan, sensibles a la temperatura para mantener la propagaci\u00f3n normal de ondas a todas las temperaturas. Para investigar c\u00f3mo estas especies evitan los estados peligrosos a trav\u00e9s de las temperaturas, mapeamos \u00f3pticamente la actividad el\u00e9ctrica a trav\u00e9s de las superficies de los corazones de caimanes (Alligator mississippiensis) a 23\u00b0C and 38\u00b0C sobre un rango de frecuencias fisiol\u00f3gicas del coraz\u00f3n y comparamos con el de los conejos (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Encontramos que a diferencia de los conejos, los caimanes muestran cambios m\u00ednimos en los par\u00e1metros de onda (duraci\u00f3n potencial de acci\u00f3n y velocidad de conducci\u00f3n) que se complementan entre s\u00ed para retener longitudes de onda electrofisiol\u00f3gicas similares a trav\u00e9s de los rangos de temperaturas y frecuencias de ritmo. La electrofisiolog\u00eda card\u00edaca de los conejos acomoda las altas frecuencias card\u00edacas necesarias para mantener un metabolismo activo y endot\u00e9rmico a costa de un mayor riesgo de arritmia card\u00edaca y vulnerabilidad cr\u00edtica a los cambios de temperatura, mientras que la de los caimanes permite un funcionamiento eficaz en una serie de temperaturas card\u00edacas sin riesgo de arritmias el\u00e9ctricas card\u00edacas como la fibrilaci\u00f3n, pero est\u00e1 restringida a bajas frecuencias card\u00edacas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/iob\/obaa047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,27]],"date-time":"2021-01-27T10:55:15Z","timestamp":1611744915000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Defibrillate You Later, Alligator: Q10 Scaling and Refractoriness Keeps Alligators from Fibrillation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0787-0247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Conner","family":"Herndon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henry C","family":"Astley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Biomimicry Research & Innovation Center, University of Akron, Akron, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomasz","family":"Owerkowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, California State University, San Bernardino, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Flavio H","family":"Fenton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021071319315474700_obaa047-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.39.2.168","article-title":"Circus movement in rabbit atrial muscle as a mechanism of tachycardia. 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