{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T23:23:38Z","timestamp":1787009018994,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,4]],"date-time":"2024-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":155,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006221","name":"U.S.-Israel Binational Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019055"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019055"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006221","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003977","name":"Israeli Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["913\/19"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["913\/19"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003977","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003977","name":"Israeli Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["1359\/23"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1359\/23"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003977","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Israel Ministry of Energy","award":["221-17-002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["221-17-002"]}]},{"name":"Israel Ministry of Energy","award":["221-17-004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["221-17-004"]}]},{"name":"Israel Ministry of Science and Technology","award":["1126"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1126"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100021513","name":"Mediterranean Sea Research Center of Israel","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100021513","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Monitoring Program of Israel's Mediterranean Waters"},{"name":"Charney School of Marine Sciences"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005717","name":"University of Haifa","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005717","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Lucinid clams are one of the most diverse and widespread symbiont-bearing animal groups in both shallow and deep-sea chemosynthetic habitats. Lucinids harbor Candidatus Thiodiazotropha symbionts that can oxidize inorganic and organic substrates such as hydrogen sulfide and formate to gain energy. The interplay between these key metabolic functions, nutrient uptake and biotic interactions in Ca. Thiodiazotropha is not fully understood. We collected Lucinoma kazani individuals from next to a deep-sea brine pool in the eastern Mediterranean Sea, at a depth of 1150\u00a0m and used Oxford Nanopore and Illumina sequencing to obtain high-quality genomes of their Ca. Thiodiazotropha gloverae symbiont. The genomes served as the basis for transcriptomic and proteomic analyses to characterize the in situ gene expression, metabolism and physiology of the symbionts. We found genes needed for N2 fixation in the deep-sea symbiont\u2019s genome, which, to date, were only found in shallow-water Ca. Thiodiazotropha. However, we did not detect the expression of these genes and thus the potential role of nitrogen fixation in this symbiosis remains to be determined. We also found the high expression of carbon fixation and sulfur oxidation genes, which indicate chemolithoautotrophy as the key physiology of Ca. Thiodiazotropha. However, we also detected the expression of pathways for using methanol and formate as energy sources. Our findings highlight the key traits these microbes maintain to support the nutrition of their hosts and interact with them.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/ismeco\/ycae076","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,31]],"date-time":"2024-05-31T21:55:42Z","timestamp":1717192542000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Metabolically-versatile Ca. Thiodiazotropha symbionts of the deep-sea lucinid clam\n                    <i>Lucinoma kazani<\/i>\n                    have the genetic potential to fix nitrogen"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Lina","family":"Ratinskaia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department, National Institute of Oceanography, Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research (IOLR) , Haifa 3108000 \u00a0","place":["Israel"]},{"name":"Department of Marine Biology , Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, , Haifa 3498838 \u00a0","place":["Israel"]},{"name":"University of Haifa , Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, , Haifa 3498838 \u00a0","place":["Israel"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stas","family":"Malavin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department, National Institute of Oceanography, Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research (IOLR) , Haifa 3108000 \u00a0","place":["Israel"]},{"name":"Department of Environmental Hydrology and Microbiology , Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, , Sde Boker 8499000 ,","place":["Israel"]},{"name":"Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, , Sde Boker 8499000 ,","place":["Israel"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tal","family":"Zvi-Kedem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department, National Institute of Oceanography, Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research (IOLR) , Haifa 3108000 \u00a0","place":["Israel"]},{"name":"Department of Marine Biology , Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, , Haifa 3498838 \u00a0","place":["Israel"]},{"name":"University of Haifa , Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, , Haifa 3498838 \u00a0","place":["Israel"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simina","family":"Vintila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University , Raleigh, NC, 27695 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Kleiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University , Raleigh, NC, 27695 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maxim","family":"Rubin-Blum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Department, National Institute of Oceanography, Israel Oceanographic and Limnological Research (IOLR) , Haifa 3108000 \u00a0","place":["Israel"]},{"name":"Department of Marine Biology , Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, , Haifa 3498838 \u00a0","place":["Israel"]},{"name":"University of Haifa , Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, , Haifa 3498838 \u00a0","place":["Israel"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025062417035341600_ref1","article-title":"Chemosynthesis: a neglected foundation of marine ecology and biogeochemistry","volume":"2235","author":"Ricci","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol"},{"key":"2025062417035341600_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1992","article-title":"Symbiotic diversity in marine animals: the art of harnessing chemosynthesis","volume":"6","author":"Dubilier","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"2025062417035341600_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-micro-051021-123130","article-title":"Life in the dark: phylogenetic and physiological diversity of chemosynthetic 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