{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T04:07:42Z","timestamp":1792642062952,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791417600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":280,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004836","name":"Independent Research Fund Denmark","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DFF-5281-00109B"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DFF-5281-00109B"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004836","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Swedish Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024-04748"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024-04748"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"European Union\u2019s Horizon Europe research and innovation programme","award":["101057014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101057014"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009708","name":"Novo Nordisk Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NNF22OC0079370"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NNF22OC0079370"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009708","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009252","name":"Science for Life Laboratory","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009252","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001732","name":"Danish National Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DNRF137"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DNRF137"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001732","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Center for Microbial Secondary Metabolites"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Microbial biomass is a central functional trait governing nutrient turnover and trophic transfer in aquatic ecosystems, yet how chemical stress reshapes biomass at the level of individual cells remains poorly resolved. Conventional toxicity assays primarily detect population-level growth inhibition and overlook sublethal physiological responses and heterogeneity within microbial populations. Here, we quantify single-cell dry-mass, a label-free proxy for cellular biomass and biosynthetic state, in the fast-growing marine bacterium Vibrio natriegens. Across thousands of cells, we assessed how exposure to copper, zinc, diclofenac, bisphenol A, bisphenol E, and bisphenol Z alters cellular biomass. Chemical stress elicited contrasting responses: copper, zinc, and diclofenac reduced median dry-mass by up to 36%, whereas bisphenols increased median dry-mass by up to 24%. These changes were not simply proportional to population-level growth inhibition. Beyond shifts in central tendency, stress altered the shape and variability of biomass distributions, revealing additional distribution-level responses that are not detectable in bulk measurements. These results identify single-cell dry-mass as an integrative trait of microbial stress physiology and show that chemical perturbations can drive opposing cellular biomass responses that are not fully captured by population growth measurements. By linking chemical stress to microbial biomass traits, this work provides a controlled framework for testing cellular-scale responses in more complex ecological settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/ismeco\/ycag281","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T14:12:12Z","timestamp":1791468732000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Chemical stress drives opposing bacterial biomass responses at the single-cell level"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Saskia","family":"Rugh\u00f6ft","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University , Norbyv\u00e4gen 18A, SE-752 36 Uppsala ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Zargani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University , Norbyv\u00e4gen 18A, SE-752 36 Uppsala ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuel G","family":"Armanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Western University , Thompson Engineering Building, London, ON N6A 5B9 ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dieter A","family":"Baumgartner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Environmental Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, ETH Zurich , 8049 Z\u00fcrich ,","place":["Switzerland"]},{"name":"Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8988-2032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lars","family":"Behrendt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Organismal Biology, Uppsala University , Norbyv\u00e4gen 18A, SE-752 36 Uppsala ,","place":["Sweden"]},{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark , S\u00f8ltofts plads 221, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby ,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1747","article-title":"Microbial structuring of marine ecosystems","volume":"5","author":"Azam","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1153213","article-title":"The microbial engines that drive earth\u2019s biogeochemical cycles","volume":"2008","author":"Falkowski","year":"1979","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref3","first-page":"129","article-title":"Metal pollutants and radionuclides in the Baltic Sea - an overview","volume":"44","author":"Szefer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Oceanologia."},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13750-020-00189-6","article-title":"What evidence exists for the impact of Baltic Sea ecosystems on human health and well-being? A systematic map protocol","volume":"9","author":"Storie","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ Evid"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.1897\/09-140.1","article-title":"Community responses to contaminants: using basic ecological principles to predict ecotoxicological effects","volume":"28","author":"Clements","year":"2009","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2004.03.001","article-title":"A review of factors affecting the release and bioavailability of contaminants during sediment disturbance events","volume":"30","author":"Eggleton","year":"2004","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/398_2020_59","volume-title":"Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,","author":"Niu","year":"2020"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.900740","article-title":"Zinc essentiality, toxicity, and its bacterial bioremediation: a comprehensive insight","volume":"13","author":"Hussain","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00228784","article-title":"Copper toxicity and chemistry in the environment: a review","volume":"44","author":"Flemming","year":"1989","journal-title":"Water Air Soil Pollut"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/agriculture12050711","article-title":"Historical review of simultaneously extracted metal copper sediment concentrations in agricultural and non-agricultural areas","volume":"12","author":"Hall","year":"2022","journal-title":"Agriculture (Switzerland)"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2020.111129","article-title":"Sediment metal enrichment and ecological risk assessment of ten ports and estuaries in the World Harbours Project","volume":"155","author":"Birch","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mar Pollut Bull"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27674","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-020-08973-0","article-title":"Flawed risk assessment of antifouling paints leads to exceedance of guideline values in Baltic Sea marinas","volume":"27","author":"Lagerstr\u00f6m","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut Res"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1002\/ieam.4537","article-title":"Collection and use of porewater data from sediment bioassay studies for understanding exposure to bioavailable metals","volume":"18","author":"Judd","year":"2021","journal-title":"Integr Environ Assess Manag"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2018.09.125","article-title":"An all-solid-state potentiometric microelectrode for detection of copper in coastal sediment pore water","volume":"279","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sens Actuators B Chem"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref15","volume-title":"Guidelines for Drinking-Water Quality: Fourth Edition Incorporating the First and Second Addenda","author":"WHO","year":"2022"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.167238","article-title":"High resolution dissolved heavy metals in sediment porewater of a small estuary: distribution, mobilization and migration","volume":"905","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4274(02)00062-0","article-title":"Hot spot pollutants: pharmaceuticals in the environment","volume":"131","author":"Dietrich","year":"2002","journal-title":"Toxicol Lett"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-environ-052809-161223","article-title":"Pharmaceuticals in the environment","volume":"35","author":"K\u00fcmmerer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Annu Rev Environ Resour"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134057","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134057","article-title":"Occurrence, interactive effects and ecological risk of diclofenac in environmental compartments and biota - a review","volume":"698","author":"Sathishkumar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2018.04.053","article-title":"Diclofenac in the marine environment: a review of its occurrence and effects","volume":"131","author":"Bonnefille","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mar Pollut Bull"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5535","article-title":"Regulatory risk assessment of pharmaceuticals in the environment: current practice and future priorities","volume":"43","author":"Oldenkamp","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref22","first-page":"78","volume-title":"Decision 495\/2015\/EU of 20 March 2015 Establishing a Watch List of Substances for Union-Wide Monitoring in the Field of Water Policy Pursuant to Directive 2008\/105\/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council","author":"European Commission","year":"2015"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1429","DOI":"10.1016\/S0043-1354(01)00367-0","article-title":"Occurrence of phthalates and bisphenol A and F in the environment","volume":"36","author":"Fromme","year":"2002","journal-title":"Water Res"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28829","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-020-09123-2","article-title":"The quantification of bisphenols and their analogues in wastewaters and surface water by an improved solid-phase extraction gas chromatography\/mass spectrometry method","volume":"27","author":"Caban","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut Res"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2020.111481","article-title":"Occurrence, toxicity and ecological risk of bisphenol A analogues in aquatic environment \u2013 a review","volume":"208","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol Environ Saf"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1944","DOI":"10.1002\/wer.1566","article-title":"The occurrence of selected endocrine-disrupting chemicals in water and sediments from an urban lagoon in Southern Italy","volume":"93","author":"Russo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Water Environ Res"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108728","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2024.108728","article-title":"Exploring BPA alternatives \u2013 environmental levels and toxicity review","volume":"189","author":"Adamovsky","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1520\/STP34880S","volume-title":"Aquatic Toxicology: Proceedings of the Second Annual Symposium on Aquatic Toxicology.","author":"Bulich","year":"1979"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1007\/1-4020-3120-3_2","volume-title":"Small-Scale Freshwater Toxicity Investigations: Toxicity Test Methods","author":"Johnson","year":"2005"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.01.066","article-title":"Vibrio fischeri bioluminescence inhibition assay for ecotoxicity assessment: a review","volume":"626","author":"Abbas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.3354\/ame01443","article-title":"Latitudinal patterns in the abundance of major marine bacterioplankton groups","volume":"61","author":"Wietz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Aquat Microb Ecol"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1007\/s00248-009-9578-9","article-title":"What genomic sequence information has revealed about Vibrio ecology in the ocean-a review","volume":"58","author":"Grimes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Microb Ecol"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2014.00038","article-title":"Associations and dynamics of Vibrionaceae in the environment, from the genus to the population level","volume":"5","author":"Takemura","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.83.4.736-737.1962","article-title":"Pseudomonas natriegens, a marine bacterium with a generation time of less than 10 minutes","volume":"83","author":"Eagon","year":"1961","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e01614","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01614-17","article-title":"High substrate uptake rates empower Vibrio natriegens as production host for industrial biotechnology","volume":"83","author":"Hoffart","year":"2017","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4394","DOI":"10.1111\/1462-2920.15128","article-title":"Vibrio natriegens: an ultrafast-growing marine bacterium as emerging synthetic biology chassis","volume":"22","author":"Hoff","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1042\/EBC20200135","article-title":"Metabolic engineering of Vibrio natriegens","volume":"65","author":"Thoma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Essays Biochem"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1038\/169366b0","article-title":"Interference microscopy and mass determination","volume":"169","author":"Barer","year":"1952","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11516","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.1c11507","article-title":"Quantitative phase imaging: recent advances and expanding potential in biomedicine","volume":"16","author":"Nguyen","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6463\/abfbf9","article-title":"Quantitative phase microscopy using quadriwave lateral shearing interferometry (QLSI): principle, terminology, algorithm and grating shadow description","volume":"54","author":"Baffou","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Phys D Appl Phys"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1038\/171720a0","article-title":"Refractometry of living cells","volume":"171","author":"Barer","year":"1953","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2011.03.004","article-title":"On the distribution of protein refractive index increments","volume":"100","author":"Zhao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biophys J"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1021\/acsphotonics.2c01238","article-title":"Wavefront microscopy using Quadriwave lateral shearing interferometry: from bioimaging to nanophotonics","volume":"10","author":"Baffou","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Photonics"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/elsc.202100157","article-title":"Assessing the growth kinetics and stoichiometry of Escherichia coli at the single-cell level","volume":"23","author":"Smaluch","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eng Life Sci"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2023.06.020","article-title":"Dry mass photometry of single bacteria using quantitative wavefront microscopy","volume":"122","author":"B\u00e9n\u00e9fice","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biophys J"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2021416118","article-title":"Robust surface-to-mass coupling and turgor-dependent cell width determine bacterial dry-mass density","volume":"118","author":"Oldewurtel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-27158-y","article-title":"Long-term label-free assessments of individual bacteria using three-dimensional quantitative phase imaging and hydrogel-based immobilization","volume":"13","author":"Shin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1364\/boe.377740","article-title":"Three-dimensional label-free observation of individual bacteria upon antibiotic treatment using optical diffraction tomography","volume":"11","author":"Oh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomed Opt Express"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2104686118","article-title":"Starvation induces shrinkage of the bacterial cytoplasm","volume":"118","author":"Shi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rugh\u00f6ft S, Zargani S, Armanu EG, et\u00a0al. \u00a0Chemical stress drives opposing bacterial biomass responses at the single-cell level. Zenodo. 2026. 10.5281\/zenodo.18755735","DOI":"10.1093\/ismeco\/ycag281"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.a.24291","article-title":"Practical application of microsphere samples for benchmarking a quantitative phase imaging system","volume":"99","author":"Kwee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cytometry A"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref52","volume-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2023"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.3354\/ame010015","article-title":"Content of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur and phosphorus in native aquatic and cultured bacteria","volume":"10","author":"Fagerbakke","year":"1996","journal-title":"Aquat Microb Ecol"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02011246","article-title":"On the relation between dry matter and volume of bacteria","volume":"13","author":"Norland","year":"1987","journal-title":"Microb Ecol [Internet]"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2016.161","article-title":"Direct single-cell biomass estimates for marine bacteria via Archimedes\u2019 principle","volume":"11","author":"Cermak","year":"2017","journal-title":"ISME J"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-19-3-592","article-title":"Dependency on medium and temperature of cell size and chemical composition during balanced growth of Salmonella typhimurium","volume":"19","author":"Schaechter","year":"1958","journal-title":"J Gen Microbial"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copbio.2011.04.014","article-title":"Bacterial growth laws and their applications","volume":"22","author":"Scott","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Opin Biotechnol"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.01585-23","article-title":"Single-cell mass distributions reveal simple rules for achieving steady-state growth","volume":"14","author":"Roller","year":"2023","journal-title":"mBio."},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2004.12.026","article-title":"Patterns of metals and arsenic poisoning in Vibrio fischeri bacteria","volume":"60","author":"Fulladosa","year":"2005","journal-title":"Chemosphere."},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/S0048-9697(03)00451-0","article-title":"Toxicity of the 13 priority pollutant metals to Vibrio fisheri in the Microtox\u00ae chronic toxicity test","volume":"320","author":"Hsieh","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2011.04.043","article-title":"Effects of the pharmaceuticals gemfibrozil and diclofenac on the marine mussel (Mytilus spp.) and their comparison with standardized toxicity tests","volume":"62","author":"Schmidt","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mar Pollut Bull"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2020.127407","article-title":"Ecotoxic interactions between pharmaceuticals in mixtures: diclofenac and sulfamethoxazole","volume":"259","author":"Drzyma\u0142a","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chemosphere."},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1841","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.2800","article-title":"Preparation of freeze-dried bioluminescent bacteria and their application in the detection of acute toxicity of bisphenol A and heavy metals","volume":"10","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Sci Nutr"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1186\/s12302-024-00900-1","article-title":"Regrettable substitution? Comparative study of the effect profile of bisphenol A and eleven analogues in an in vitro test battery","volume":"36","author":"Reininger","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ Sci Eur"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2023.112168","article-title":"Phenotypic heterogeneity in the bacterial oxidative stress response is driven by cell-cell interactions","volume":"42","author":"Choudhary","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102885","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copbio.2022.102885","article-title":"Advances in linking single-cell bacterial stress response to population-level survival","volume":"79","author":"Alnahhas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr Opin Biotechnol"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2019.12.006","article-title":"Relevance and regulation of cell density","volume":"30","author":"Neurohr","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trends Cell Biol"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro.2017.17","article-title":"Microorganisms maintain crowding homeostasis","volume":"15","author":"Van Den Berg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-022-03348-2","article-title":"Density fluctuations, homeostasis, and reproduction effects in bacteria","volume":"5","author":"Nemati","year":"2022","journal-title":"Commun Biol"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.48.4.755-757.1984","article-title":"Bacterial dry matter content and biomass estimations","volume":"48","author":"Bratbak","year":"1984","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.3666","article-title":"High-throughput measurement of single-cell growth rates using serial microfluidic mass sensor arrays","volume":"34","author":"Cermak","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0067590","article-title":"Intracellular water exchange for measuring the dry mass, water mass and changes in chemical composition of living cells","volume":"8","author":"Feij\u00f3, Delgado","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1039\/c5mt00011d","article-title":"Copper intoxication inhibits aerobic nucleotide synthesis in Streptococcus pneumoniae\u2020","volume":"7","author":"Johnson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Metallomics."},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mbio.03251-21","article-title":"Copper induces protein aggregation, a toxic process compensated by molecular chaperones","volume":"13","author":"Zuily","year":"2022","journal-title":"mBio."},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1776","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.07068-11","article-title":"Membrane lipid peroxidation in copper alloy-mediated contact killing of Escherichia coli","volume":"78","author":"Hong","year":"2012","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms11010067","article-title":"Mechanisms of BPA degradation and toxicity resistance in Rhodococcus equi","volume":"11","author":"Tian","year":"2022","journal-title":"Microorganisms."},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117410","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2024.117410","article-title":"Removal of BPA by Pseudomonas asiatica P1: synergistic response mechanism of toxicity resistance and biodegradation","volume":"288","author":"Tian","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol Environ Saf"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molliq.2019.111136","article-title":"The comparative analysis of the effect of environmental toxicants: bisphenol A, S and F on model plant, fungi and bacteria membranes. The studies on multicomponent systems","author":"H\u0105c-Wydro","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Mol Liq"},{"key":"2026102111523312200_ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1564","DOI":"10.1039\/d3em00269a","article-title":"The key constituents underlying the combined toxicity of eight cosmetic contaminants towards Vibrio qinghaiensis","volume":"25","author":"Zeng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ Sci Process Impacts"}],"container-title":["ISME Communications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ismecommun\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ismeco\/ycag281\/71718522\/ycag281.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ismecommun\/article-pdf\/6\/1\/ycag281\/71718522\/ycag281.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ismecommun\/article-pdf\/6\/1\/ycag281\/71718522\/ycag281.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T15:52:40Z","timestamp":1792597960000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ismecommun\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/ismeco\/ycag281\/8885571"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":79,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ismeco\/ycag281","relation":{},"ISSN":["2730-6151"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2730-6151","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"article-number":"ycag281"}}