{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T00:03:07Z","timestamp":1788307387514,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,10]],"date-time":"2024-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720569600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":191,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005019","name":"Beef Cattle Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FOS.07.17"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FOS.07.17"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005019","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery"},{"name":"NSERC Alliance Program","award":["ALLRP 561309-2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ALLRP 561309-2020"]}]},{"name":"NSERC Alliance Program","award":["AOO 561309-2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AOO 561309-2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The rectal\u2013anal junction (RAJ) is the major colonization site of Shiga toxin\u2013producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157 in beef cattle, leading to transmission of this foodborne pathogen from farms to food chains. To date, there is limited understanding regarding whether the mucosa-attached microbiome has a profound impact on host\u2013STEC interactions. In this study, the active RAJ mucosa\u2013attached microbiota and its potential role in host immunity\u2013STEC commensal interactions were investigated using RAJ mucosal biopsies collected from calves orally challenged with two STEC O157 strains with or without functional stx2a (stx2a+\u2009or stx2a\u2212). The results revealed that shifts of microbial diversity, topology, and assembly patterns were subjected to stx2a production post-challenge and Paeniclostridium and Gallibacterium were the keystone taxa for both microbial interactions and assembly. Additional mucosal transcriptome profiling showed stx2a\u2212dependent host immune responses (i.e. B- and T-cell signaling and antigen processing and presentation) post-challenge. Further integrated analysis revealed that mucosa\u2013attached beneficial microbes (i.e. Provotella, Faecalibacterium, and Dorea) interacted with host immune genes pre-challenge to maintain host homeostasis; however, opportunistic pathogenic microbes (i.e. Paeniclostridium) could interact with host immune genes after the STEC O157 colonization and interactions were stx2a\u2212dependent. Furthermore, predicted bacterial functions involved in pathogen (O157 and Paeniclostridium) colonization and metabolism were related to host immunity. These findings suggest that during pathogen colonization, host\u2013microbe interactions could shift from beneficial to opportunistic pathogenic bacteria driven and be dependent on the production of particular virulence factors, highlighting the potential regulatory role of mucosa\u2013attached microbiota in affecting pathogen\u2013commensal host interactions in calves with STEC O157 infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/ismejo\/wrae127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,10]],"date-time":"2024-07-10T12:23:35Z","timestamp":1720614215000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Linking active rectal mucosa\u2013attached microbiota to host immunity reveals its role in host\u2013pathogenic STEC O157 interactions"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Zhe","family":"Pan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural , Food and Nutritional Science, , Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5 , Canada"},{"name":"University of Alberta , Food and Nutritional Science, , Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5 , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanhong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural , Food and Nutritional Science, , Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5 , Canada"},{"name":"University of Alberta , Food and Nutritional Science, , Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5 , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mi","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural , Food and Nutritional Science, , Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5 , Canada"},{"name":"University of Alberta , Food and Nutritional Science, , Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5 , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim A","family":"McAllister","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research Centre , Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1 , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom N","family":"Mcneilly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Moredun Research Institute , Penicuik EH26 0PZ , United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Le Luo","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural , Food and Nutritional Science, , Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5 , Canada"},{"name":"University of Alberta , Food and Nutritional Science, , Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5 , Canada"},{"name":"Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4 , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024080712485587900_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1823","DOI":"10.1042\/BCJ20160510","article-title":"Introduction to the human gut 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