{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T16:29:27Z","timestamp":1788020967819,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,10]],"date-time":"2024-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728518400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":283,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Like many marine invertebrates, marine lucinid clams have an intimate relationship with beneficial sulfur-oxidizing bacteria located within specialized gill cells known as bacteriocytes. Most previous research has focused on the symbionts in the gills of these (and other) symbiotic bivalves, often assuming that the symbionts only persistently colonize the gills, at least in the adult stage. We used 16S rRNA gene sequencing and digital polymerase chain reaction with symbiont-specific primers targeting the soxB gene on the foot, mantle, visceral mass, and gills of the lucinid clam Loripes orbiculatus. We also used fluorescence in situ hybridization with symbiont-specific probes to examine symbiont distribution at the level of the whole holobiont. Despite 40\u00a0years of research on these symbioses, we detected previously unknown populations of symbiont cells in several organs, including the digestive tract. As in the well-studied gills, symbionts in the digestive tract may be housed within host cells. A 14-month starvation experiment without hydrogen sulfide to power symbiont metabolism caused a larger reduction in symbiont numbers in the gills compared to the visceral mass, raising the possibility that symbionts in the digestive tract are persistent and may have a distinct physiology and role in the symbiosis compared with the gill symbionts. Our results highlight the unexpectedly complex relationships between marine lucinid clams and their symbionts and challenge the view that chemosynthetic symbionts are restricted to the gills of these hosts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/ismejo\/wrae200","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,10]],"date-time":"2024-10-10T15:47:51Z","timestamp":1728575271000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Sulfur-oxidizing symbionts colonize the digestive tract of their lucinid hosts"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Cristina M","family":"Alcaraz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Vienna , Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030 Vienna,","place":["Austria"]},{"name":"Doctoral School in Microbiology and Environmental Science, University of Vienna , Djerassiplatz 1, 1030 Vienna,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joana","family":"S\u00e9neca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Vienna , Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030 Vienna,","place":["Austria"]},{"name":"Joint Microbiome Facility of the Medical University of Vienna and the University of Vienna , Djerassiplatz 1, 1030 Vienna,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Kunert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Vienna , Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030 Vienna,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Pree","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Vienna , Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030 Vienna,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Sudo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Vienna , Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030 Vienna,","place":["Austria"]},{"name":"Center for Electromicrobiology , Section for Microbiology, Department of Biology, , Ny Munkegade 114, 8000 Aarhus C,","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"Aarhus University , Section for Microbiology, Department of Biology, , Ny Munkegade 114, 8000 Aarhus C,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jillian M","family":"Petersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Vienna , Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030 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