{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T16:22:22Z","timestamp":1791476542541,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,14]],"date-time":"2025-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752451200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":194,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Lactate utilization mitigates rumen acidosis and is associated with decreased methane production in the rumen. While several lactate utilization pathways exist across different microbial species in the rumen, how they are metabolically differentiated remains unclear. Here, we show that the key lactate-utilizing species Megasphaera hexanoica and Megasphaera elsdenii display distinct growth strategies based on their fermentative end products. This allows them to co-exist and play distinct metabolic roles, which appear particularly relevant in the early stages of rumen development, as both species are highly enriched in the calf. Specifically, M. hexanoica is more strongly associated with rumen microbiome states that involve increased lactate utilization and preferentially runs reverse beta-oxidation (termed chain elongation) to produce butyrate and medium-chain fatty acids from lactate. As M. elsdenii instead utilizes lactate via the acrylate pathway to produce propionate, we leverage Enzyme Cost Minimization to predict how this pathway relates to a distinct growth strategy. We find that M. elsdenii maximizes growth rate when lactate transiently accumulates, which contrasts M. hexanoica\u2019s invariably high-yield strategy. This trade-off, which is supported by the analysis of growth kinetics, metabolic flux, and bioreactors simulating the rumen microbiome, ultimately contributes to co-existence on lactate and may have driven niche differentiation. Lastly, we demonstrate how lactate utilization in the Megasphaera is threatened by toxins widespread in feed, which points to dietary interventions to support calf health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/ismejo\/wraf147","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,14]],"date-time":"2025-07-14T12:33:46Z","timestamp":1752496426000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Distinct lactate utilization strategies drive niche differentiation between two co-existing\n                    <i>Megasphaera<\/i>\n                    species in the rumen microbiome"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Cameron R","family":"Strachan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Food Science and Veterinary Public Health, Clinical Department for Farm Animals and Food System Science, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna , Veterin\u00e4rplatz 1, Vienna 1210 ,","place":["Austria"]},{"name":"FFoQSI GmbH - Austrian Competence Centre for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation , Technopark 1D, Tulln 3430 ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Connor M","family":"Bowers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON M5T 3E5 ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Byung-Chul","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering & Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON M5T 3E5 ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tea","family":"Movsesijan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Food Science and Veterinary Public Health, Clinical Department for Farm Animals and Food System Science, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna , Veterin\u00e4rplatz 1, Vienna 1210 ,","place":["Austria"]},{"name":"FFoQSI GmbH - Austrian Competence Centre for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation , Technopark 1D, Tulln 3430 ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viktoria","family":"Neubauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Food Science and Veterinary Public Health, Clinical Department for Farm Animals and Food System Science, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna , Veterin\u00e4rplatz 1, Vienna 1210 ,","place":["Austria"]},{"name":"FFoQSI GmbH - Austrian Competence Centre for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation , Technopark 1D, Tulln 3430 ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna J","family":"Mueller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Microbial Ecology, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna , Djerassiplatz 1, Vienna 1030 ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqian A","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Microbial Ecology, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna , Djerassiplatz 1, Vienna 1030 ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F\u00e1tima C","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Microbial Ecology, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna , Djerassiplatz 1, Vienna 1030 ,","place":["Austria"]},{"name":"School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton , Southampton ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veronika","family":"Nagl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dsm-Firmenich, Animal Nutrition and Health R&D Center, Tulln , Technopark 1, Tulln 3430 ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Faas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dsm-Firmenich, Animal Nutrition and Health R&D Center, Tulln , Technopark 1, Tulln 3430 ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Food Science and Veterinary Public Health, Clinical Department for Farm Animals and Food System Science, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna , Veterin\u00e4rplatz 1, Vienna 1210 ,","place":["Austria"]},{"name":"FFoQSI GmbH - Austrian Competence Centre for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation , Technopark 1D, Tulln 3430 ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qendrim","family":"Zebeli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Animal Nutrition and Welfare, Clinical Department for Farm Animals and Safety of Food Systems, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna , Veterin\u00e4rplatz 1, Vienna 1210 ,","place":["Austria"]},{"name":"Christian Doppler Laboratory for Innovative Gut Health Concepts of Livestock , Veterin\u00e4rplatz 1, Vienna 1210 ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul J","family":"Weimer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin , Madison, WI 53706 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pieter","family":"Candry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Wageningen University & Research , Stippeneng 4, Wageningen, 6703 HB ,","place":["the Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin F","family":"Polz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Microbial Ecology, Centre for Microbiology and 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