{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T09:29:31Z","timestamp":1740130171675,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,17]],"date-time":"2020-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587081600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"President\u2019s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Universidad del Valle de Guatemala","award":["GH001285"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GH001285"]}]},{"name":"Mexican Government"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003141","name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CONACyT SALUD-2013-01-202475"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CONACyT SALUD-2013-01-202475"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Pre-treatment HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) to NNRTIs has consistently increased in low-\/middle-income countries during the last decade.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To estimate the prevalence of pre-treatment HIVDR and acquired HIVDR among persons living with HIV (PLHIV) on ART for 12\u205f\u00b1\u205f3\u2009months (ADR12) and \u226548\u2009months (ADR48) in Honduras.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Patients and methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A nationwide cross-sectional survey with a two-stage cluster sampling was conducted from October 2016 to November 2017. Twenty-two of 54 total ART clinics representing &amp;gt;90% of the national cohort of adults on ART were included. HIVDR was assessed for protease and reverse transcriptase Sanger sequences using the Stanford HIVdb tool.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 729 PLHIV were enrolled; 26.3% (95% CI 20.1%\u201333.5%) ART initiators reported prior exposure to antiretrovirals. Pre-treatment HIVDR prevalence was 26.9% (95% CI 20.2%\u201334.9%) to any antiretroviral and 25.9% (19.2%\u201333.9%) to NNRTIs. NNRTI pre-treatment HIVDR was higher in ART initiators with prior exposure to antiretrovirals (P\u2009=\u20090.001). Viral load (VL) suppression rate was 89.7% (85.1%\u201393.0%) in ADR12 and 67.9% (61.7%\u201373.6%) in ADR48. ADR12 to any drug among PLHIV with VL\u2009\u22651000 copies\/mL was 86.1% (48.9%\u201397.6%); 67.1% (37.4%\u201387.5%) had HIVDR to both NNRTIs and NRTIs, and 3.8% (0.5%\u201325.2%) to PIs. ADR48 was 92.0% (86.8%\u201395.3%) to any drug; 78.1% (66.6%\u201386.5%) to both NNRTIs and NRTIs, and 7.3% (1.8%\u201325.1%) to PIs.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The high prevalence of NNRTI pre-treatment HIVDR observed in Honduras warrants consideration of non-NNRTI-based first-line regimens for ART initiation. Programmatic improvements in HIVDR monitoring and adherence support may also be considered.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkaa100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,27]],"date-time":"2020-02-27T04:30:31Z","timestamp":1582777831000},"page":"1932-1942","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["High level of pre-treatment and acquired HIV drug resistance in Honduras: a nationally representative survey, 2016\u201317"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"Amalia","family":"Gir\u00f3n-Callejas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Garc\u00eda-Morales","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Mexico City, 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