{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T06:04:31Z","timestamp":1790834671745,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,11]],"date-time":"2020-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586563200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Sant\u00e9 Publique France"},{"name":"French national public health agency"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To characterize the novel cfr(D) gene identified in an Enterococcus faecium clinical isolate (15-307.1) collected from France.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The genome of 15-307.1 was entirely sequenced using a hybrid approach combining short-read (MiSeq, Illumina) and long-read (GridION, Oxford Nanopore Technologies) technologies in order to analyse in detail the genetic support and environment of cfr(D). Transfer of linezolid resistance from 15-307.1 to E. faecium BM4107 was attempted by filter-mating experiments. The recombinant plasmid pAT29\u03a9cfr(D), containing cfr(D) and its own promoter, was transferred to E. faecium HM1070, Enterococcus faecalis JH2-2 and Escherichia coli AG100A.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>As previously reported, 15-307.1 belonged to ST17 and was phenotypically resistant to linezolid (MIC, 16\u2009mg\/L), vancomycin and teicoplanin. A hybrid sequencing approach confirmed the presence of several resistance genes including vanA, optrA and cfr(D). Located on a 103\u2009kb plasmid, cfr(D) encoded a 357 amino acid protein, which shared 64%, 64%, 48% and 51% amino acid identity with Cfr, Cfr(B), Cfr(C) and Cfr(E), respectively. Both optrA and cfr(D) were successfully co-transferred to E. faecium BM4107. When expressed in E. faecium HM1070 and E. faecalis JH2-2, pAT29\u03a9cfr(D) did not confer any resistance, whereas it was responsible for an expected PhLOPSA resistance phenotype in E. coli AG100A. Analysis of the genetic environment of cfr(D) showed multiple IS1216 elements, putatively involved in its mobilization.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cfr(D) is a novel member of the family of 23S rRNA methyltransferases. While only conferring a PhLOPSA resistance phenotype when expressed in E. coli, enterococci could constitute an unknown reservoir of cfr(D).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkaa125","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,11]],"date-time":"2020-03-11T20:24:42Z","timestamp":1583958282000},"page":"1699-1703","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Molecular and functional analysis of the novel cfr(D) linezolid resistance gene identified in Enterococcus faecium"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Guerin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU de Caen, Service de Microbiologie, Caen, France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Caen Normandie, EA4655 Caen, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Sassi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Rennes 1, Inserm U1230, Rennes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Loren","family":"Dejoies","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Rennes 1, Inserm U1230, Rennes, France"},{"name":"CHU de Rennes, Service de Bact\u00e9riologie-Hygi\u00e8ne hospitali\u00e8re, Rennes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asma","family":"Zouari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU de Rennes, Service de Bact\u00e9riologie-Hygi\u00e8ne hospitali\u00e8re, Rennes, France"},{"name":"CNR de la R\u00e9sistance aux Antibiotiques (laboratoire associ\u00e9 \u2018Ent\u00e9rocoques\u2019), Rennes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sacha","family":"Schutz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU de Rennes, Service de G\u00e9n\u00e9tique mol\u00e9culaire et G\u00e9nomique m\u00e9dicale, Rennes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Potrel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU de Rennes, Service de Bact\u00e9riologie-Hygi\u00e8ne hospitali\u00e8re, Rennes, France"},{"name":"CNR de la R\u00e9sistance aux Antibiotiques (laboratoire associ\u00e9 \u2018Ent\u00e9rocoques\u2019), Rennes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Auzou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU de Caen, Service de Microbiologie, Caen, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana\u00efs","family":"Collet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU de Rennes, Service de Bact\u00e9riologie-Hygi\u00e8ne hospitali\u00e8re, Rennes, France"},{"name":"CNR de la R\u00e9sistance aux Antibiotiques (laboratoire associ\u00e9 \u2018Ent\u00e9rocoques\u2019), Rennes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Didier","family":"Lecointe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 Fonctionnelle d\u2019Hygi\u00e8ne Hospitali\u00e8re et de Lutte contre les Infections Nosocomiales, Centre Hospitalier Sud Francilien, Corbeil-Essonnes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Auger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU de Rennes, Service de Bact\u00e9riologie-Hygi\u00e8ne hospitali\u00e8re, Rennes, France"},{"name":"CNR de la R\u00e9sistance aux Antibiotiques (laboratoire associ\u00e9 \u2018Ent\u00e9rocoques\u2019), Rennes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4026-9912","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vincent","family":"Cattoir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Rennes 1, Inserm U1230, Rennes, France"},{"name":"CHU de Rennes, Service de 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