{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T17:53:15Z","timestamp":1767117195064},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,25]],"date-time":"2020-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593043200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"internal funding"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Implementation of EUCAST susceptibility testing in an Australian hospital laboratory demonstrated higher rates of aminopenicillin and amoxicillin\/clavulanate resistance in Haemophilus influenzae than previously recognized. This study aimed to better define the variability in the detection of \u03b2-lactam resistance based on EUCAST and CLSI disc diffusion (DD) methodology, by comparison with the recommended reference method, broth microdilution (BMD), and by concordance with genomic analysis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 100 random H. influenzae isolates were assessed for ampicillin and amoxicillin\/clavulanate susceptibility by EUCAST and CLSI DD and BMD. WGS was used to analyse the ftsI gene of a subset of isolates with \u03b2-lactam resistance, other than that due to isolated \u03b2-lactamase production.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Of the 100 isolates, 32 were categorized as either \u03b2-lactamase negative, ampicillin resistant (BLNAR) (n\u2009=\u200918) or \u03b2-lactamase positive, amoxicillin\/clavulanate resistant (BLPACR) (n\u2009=\u200914) by EUCAST DD. All 18 EUCAST BLNAR isolates were genotypically confirmed by WGS. Five of 18 BLNAR isolates were concordant by CLSI DD, 12 by EUCAST BMD and 4 by CLSI BMD. Nine of 14 EUCAST BLPACR isolates were confirmed by WGS; the remaining 5 were 1\u2009mm below the EUCAST DD breakpoint. Only one isolate was detected as BLPACR by CLSI DD. Group III mutations associated with high-level ampicillin resistance were identified in 10\/32 isolates.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The EUCAST DD susceptibility method is more reliable than either CLSI or BMD for the detection of genotypically defined BLNAR resistance. However, accurate categorization of amoxicillin\/clavulanate resistance remains problematic. Continuous and reproducible surveillance of resistance is needed; for this to be possible, robust susceptibility methods are required.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkaa229","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,13]],"date-time":"2020-05-13T11:19:37Z","timestamp":1589368777000},"page":"2594-2598","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Evaluation of the Haemophilus influenzae EUCAST and CLSI disc diffusion methods to recognize aminopenicillin and amoxicillin\/clavulanate resistance"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"S A","family":"Fernando","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Pang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, School of Veterinary Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia"},{"name":"PathWest Laboratory Medicine WA, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G L","family":"McKew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Phan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Merlino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G W","family":"Coombs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, School of Veterinary Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia"},{"name":"PathWest Laboratory Medicine WA, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Gottlieb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020082404575264500_dkaa229-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3589","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01630-15","article-title":"Haemophilus influenzae with 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