{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T03:44:02Z","timestamp":1788925442041,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,20]],"date-time":"2020-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597881600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009047","name":"Strategic Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009047","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007037","name":"Ministry of Health Denmark","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007037","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Region of Southern Denmark"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Antibiotic resistance poses a worldwide threat and knowledge concerning risk factors for colonization with multiresistant bacteria (MRB) is limited.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To examine the impact of prior antibiotic consumption on MRB colonization, with focus on type of antibiotic and timeline between antibiotic prescription and MRB colonization.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A nationwide case\u2013control study was conducted and adults visiting emergency departments were invited to participate. All patients were swabbed in the throat, nose and rectum, and analysed for colonization with ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E), MRSA, carbapenemase-producing enterobacteria and VRE. Antibiotic history 2\u2009years prior to enrolment was collected at an individual level through a national register. Multivariate analyses were performed to examine the association between antibiotic consumption and MRB status. A subgroup analysis of ESBL-E-colonized cases was made.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We included 256 patients colonized with MRB and 4763 controls. In the 2\u2009years prior to study inclusion, 77% of cases and 68% of controls had at least one antibiotic prescription (P\u2009=\u20090.002). We found a significant increase in risk of colonization with ESBL-E if penicillins (OR\u2009=\u20091.58\u20131.65) or fluoroquinolones (OR\u2009=\u20092.25\u20136.15) were prescribed. The analysis of all MRB-colonized patients showed similar results. An assessment of the timeline showed a significant increase in risk of colonization up to 2\u2009years after exposure to penicillins, fluoroquinolones and macrolides.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The prevalence of ESBL-E colonization was related to fluoroquinolone, macrolide and penicillin consumption for at least 2\u2009years after antibiotic treatment.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkaa365","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,4]],"date-time":"2020-08-04T19:29:14Z","timestamp":1596569354000},"page":"3675-3681","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Colonization with multiresistant bacteria in acute hospital care: the association of prior antibiotic consumption as a risk factor"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"Nasra","family":"Dualleh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iman","family":"Chanchiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helene","family":"Skj\u00f8t-Arkil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Department, Hospital S\u00f8nderjylland, Aabenraa, Denmark"},{"name":"Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas Kristian","family":"Pedersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Flemming S","family":"Rosenvinge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isik Somuncu","family":"Johansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark"},{"name":"Research Unit for Infectious Diseases, Clinical Institute, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"},{"name":"Open Patient data Explorative Network (OPEN), Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020111305061625400_dkaa365-B1","volume-title":"Antimicrobial Resistance: Global Report on Surveillance 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