{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T06:59:20Z","timestamp":1790405960191,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"NRP-72"},{"name":"National Research Programme, Antimicrobial Resistance\u2019 of the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF","award":["177378"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["177378"]}]},{"name":"National Research Programme, Antimicrobial Resistance\u2019 of the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF","award":["170063"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["170063"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Many travellers to low-income countries return home colonized at the intestinal level with extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant (ESC-R) and\/or colistin-resistant (CST-R) Escherichia coli (Ec) strains. However, nothing is known about the local sources responsible for the transmission of these pathogens to the travellers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We compared the ESC-R- and CST-R-Ec strains found in the pre- (n\u2009=\u200923) and post-trip (n\u2009=\u200937) rectal swabs of 37 travellers from Switzerland to Zanzibar with those (i) contemporarily isolated from local people, poultry, retailed chicken meat (n\u2009=\u200931), and (ii) from other sources studied in the recent past (n\u2009=\u200947). WGS and core-genome analyses were implemented.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty-four travellers returned colonized with ESC-R- (n\u2009=\u200929) and\/or CST-R- (n\u2009=\u20098) Ec strains. Almost all ESC-R-Ec were CTX-M-15 producers and belonged to heterogeneous STs\/core-genome STs (cgSTs), while mcr-positive strains were not found. Based on the strains\u2019 STs\/cgSTs, only 20 subjects were colonized with ESC-R- and\/or CST-R-Ec that were not present in their gut before the journey. Single nucleotide variant (SNV) analysis showed that three of these 20 travellers carried ESC-R-Ec (ST3489, ST3580, ST361) identical (0\u201320 SNVs) to those found in local people, chicken meat, or poultry. Three further subjects carried ESC-R-Ec (ST394, ST648, ST5173) identical or highly related (15\u201355 SNVs) to those previously reported in local people, fish, or water.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is the first known study comparing the ESC-R- and\/or CST-R-Ec strains obtained from travellers and local sources using solid molecular methods. We showed that for at least one-third of the returning travellers the acquired antibiotic-resistant Ec had a corresponding strain among resident people, food, animal and\/or environmental sources.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkaa457","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,13]],"date-time":"2020-10-13T19:29:54Z","timestamp":1602617394000},"page":"330-337","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Travellers returning from the island of Zanzibar colonized with MDR<i>Escherichia coli<\/i>strains: assessing the impact of local people and other sources"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"Aline I","family":"Moser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esther","family":"Kuenzli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich"},{"name":"Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel"},{"name":"University of Basel, Basel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"B\u00fcdel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edgar I","family":"Campos-Madueno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Odette J","family":"Bernasconi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"DeCrom-Beer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Jakopp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Hygiene, Aarau Cantonal Hospital, Aarau, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali Haji","family":"Mohammed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zanzibar Food and Drug Agency, Zanzibar, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadir Khatib","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zanzibar Food and Drug Agency, Zanzibar, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Fehr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich"},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jakob","family":"Zinsstag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel"},{"name":"University of Basel, Basel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Hatz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich"},{"name":"Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel"},{"name":"University of Basel, Basel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3186-5421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Endimiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, 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