{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T07:36:14Z","timestamp":1771486574273,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,7]],"date-time":"2021-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633564800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Chang Gung Medical Research Fund","award":["CMRPG1K0101-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG1K0101-3"]}]},{"name":"Chang Gung Medical Research Fund","award":["CMRPG1K0111-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG1K0111-3"]}]},{"name":"Chang Gung Medical Research Fund","award":["CMRPG3G1281-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG3G1281-2"]}]},{"name":"Chang Gung Medical Research Fund","award":["CMRPG3K0841-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG3K0841-2"]}]},{"name":"Chang Gung Medical Research Fund","award":["CMRPG3L0881-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG3L0881-3"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001868","name":"National Science Council, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST105-2628-B-182-011-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST105-2628-B-182-011-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001868","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001868","name":"National Science Council, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST108-2628-B-182-006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST108-2628-B-182-006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001868","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001868","name":"National Science Council, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST109-2628-B-182-011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST109-2628-B-182-011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001868","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Prosperous Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Off-therapy hepatitis flare may be detrimental or, conversely, facilitate hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) decline. Retreatment decisions are crucial.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>HBsAg was quantified before and during flares, at peak\/retreatment start and at Months 6 and 12 in 336 entecavir\/tenofovir-retreated and 105 non-retreated hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-negative patients. Increasing HBsAg during ALT flare defined a \u2018virus-dominating flare\u2019 and decreasing HBsAg a \u2018host-dominating flare\u2019.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two hundred and eighty-eight retreated patients with a virus-dominating flare showed greater 1\u2009year HBsAg decline (\u22121.0 versus \u22120.01\u2009log10\u2009IU\/mL; P\u200a&amp;lt;\u200a0.0001), more frequent rapid decline (69.8% versus 8.3%; P\u200a&amp;lt;\u200a0001) and higher 3\u2009year incidence of HBsAg\u200a&amp;lt;\u200a100\u2009IU\/mL (32% versus 12%; P\u200a=\u200a0.026) than 48 patients with a host-dominating flare, of whom 16 (33.3%) showed 3.8-fold (2 to 52-fold) HBsAg rebound on retreatment (versus 2\/288; P\u200a&amp;lt;\u200a0.0001). Compared with non-retreated controls, 1\u2009year HBsAg decline was greater (\u22121.0 versus \u22120.47\u2009log10\u2009IU\/mL; P\u200a&amp;lt;\u200a0.0001) and faster (69.8% versus 42.5%; P\u200a&amp;lt;\u200a0.0001) in patients with a virus-dominating flare, whereas 1\u2009year HBsAg decline (\u22120.01 versus \u22120.16\u2009log10\u2009IU\/mL) and 3\u2009year HBsAg loss rate (0% versus 21%; P\u200a=\u200a0.009) were lower in patients with a host-dominating flare.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Entecavir\/tenofovir retreatment effectively decreases HBsAg level in patients with a virus-dominating flare but is ineffective\/worse in patients with a host-dominating flare. These results support the use of combined HBsAg\/ALT kinetics for the decision to retreat patients with a virus-dominating flare and withhold retreatment for patients with a host-dominating flare.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkab360","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,10]],"date-time":"2021-09-10T11:11:57Z","timestamp":1631272317000},"page":"205-212","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Highly significant differences in HBsAg kinetics among patients with two types of hepatitis B flare, with and without retreatment"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"77","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3706-1259","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wen-Juei","family":"Jeng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yen-Chun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0744-7123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chien-Wei","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rong-Nan","family":"Chien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang Gung Memorial 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