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LLV was defined as plasma VL = 51\u2013999\u2005copies\/mL and VF was defined as plasma VL \u2265 1000\u2005copies\/mL.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Among 6078 people with HIV (PWH), 4443 (73%) were on ART for at least 6\u2005months. Of the 332 persons on ART with VL &amp;gt; 50\u2005copies\/mL, 175 (4%) had VL \u2265 1000\u2005copies\/mL and 157 (4%) had LLV at baseline. The prevalence of any DRM was 57 (36%) and 78 (45%) in persons with LLV and VL \u2265 1000\u2005copies\/mL, respectively. Major DRMs were found in 31 (20%) with LLV and 53 (30%) with VL \u2265 1000\u2005copies\/mL (P = 0.04). Among the 135 PWH with at least one DRM, 17% had NRTI-, 35% NNRTI-, 6% PI- and 3% INSTI-associated mutations. Among the 3596 participants who were followed up, 1709 (48%) were on ART for \u22656\u2005months at entry and had at least one subsequent VL measurement (median 29\u2005months), 43 (3%) of whom had LLV. The OR of experiencing VF in persons with LLV at entry was 36-fold higher than in the virally suppressed group.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A single LLV measurement while on ART strongly predicted the risk of future VF, suggesting the use of VL &amp;gt; 50\u2005copies\/mL as an indication for more intensive adherence support with more frequent VL monitoring.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkac056","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]],"date-time":"2022-02-17T20:09:57Z","timestamp":1645128597000},"page":"1385-1395","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["HIV-1 drug resistance mutations among individuals with low-level viraemia while taking combination ART in Botswana"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"Ontlametse T","family":"Bareng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership , Gaborone , Botswana"},{"name":"School of Allied Health Professions, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Botswana , Gaborone , Botswana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sikhulile","family":"Moyo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Botswana Harvard AIDS Institute Partnership , Gaborone , Botswana"},{"name":"Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health , Boston, MA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Zahralban-Steele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. 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