{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T10:13:21Z","timestamp":1789726401710,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,12]],"date-time":"2022-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649721600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Australian National Health and Medical Research Council"},{"name":"NHRMC"},{"name":"Australian NHMRC Emerging Leadership Investigator","award":["GNT1193955"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GNT1193955"]}]},{"name":"Australian NHMRC Emerging Leadership Investigator","award":["GNT1172873"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GNT1172873"]}]},{"name":"Australian NHMRC Leadership Investigator","award":["GNT1172900"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GNT1172900"]}]},{"name":"Australian NHMRC Senior Research","award":["GNT1136117"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GNT1136117"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Azithromycin is commonly used to treat Neisseria gonorrhoeae. We compared its gastrointestinal side effects using 1\u2005g single, 2\u2005g single or 2\u2005g split (i.e. 1\u2005g plus 1\u2005g 6\u201312\u2005h later) dosing, representing our clinic\u2019s changing guidelines over the study period.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We recruited consecutive sexual health clinic patients who received azithromycin (and 500\u2005mg ceftriaxone) for uncomplicated gonorrhoea. Each patient received a text message 48\u2005h after their attendance to complete a questionnaire.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Patients received 1\u2005g single (n\u200a=\u200a271), 2\u2005g single (218) or 2\u2005g split (105) doses. Vomiting was less common for 1\u2005g versus 2\u2005g single dose [1.1% versus 3.7%; risk difference (RD): \u22122.6%; 95% CI: \u22120.2 to \u22125.4] and 2\u2005g split versus 2\u2005g single dose (0.9% versus 3.7%; RD: \u22122.8%; 95% CI: \u22120.3 to \u22125.8). Nausea was less common for 1\u2005g versus 2\u2005g single dose (13.7% versus 43.1%; RD: \u221229.5%; 95% CI: \u221221.7 to \u221237.2) and 2\u2005g split versus 2\u2005g single dose (16.4% versus 43.1%; RD: \u221226.8; 95% CI: \u221217.2 to \u221236.3). Diarrhoea was less common for 1\u2005g versus 2\u2005g single dose (25.5% versus 50.9%; RD: \u221225.5%; 95% CI: \u221217.0 to \u221233.9) and 2\u2005g split versus 2\u2005g single dose (30.9% versus 50.9%; RD: \u221220.0; 95% CI: \u22129.1 to \u221230.9). Almost all were willing to retake the same dosing for gonorrhoea in the future: 97% for 1\u2005g single; 94% for 2\u2005g single; and 97% for 2\u2005g split dose.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Azithromycin 2\u2005g split dose for gonorrhoea resulted in significantly less vomiting, nausea and diarrhoea than a 2\u2005g single dose.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkac118","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,29]],"date-time":"2022-03-29T11:13:49Z","timestamp":1648552429000},"page":"2011-2016","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Comparison of gastrointestinal side effects from different doses of azithromycin for the treatment of gonorrhoea"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"77","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5784-7403","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jason J","family":"Ong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Clinical School, Monash University , Melbourne , Australia"},{"name":"Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Hospital , Melbourne , Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine , London , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivette","family":"Aguirre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Hospital , Melbourne , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magnus","family":"Unemo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WHO Collaborating Centre for Gonorrhoea and other STIs, \u00d6rebro University , \u00d6rebro , Sweden"},{"name":"Institute for Global Health, University College London (UCL) , London , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabian Y S","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne , Melbourne , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher K","family":"Fairley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Clinical School, Monash University , Melbourne , Australia"},{"name":"Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Hospital , Melbourne , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jane S","family":"Hocking","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne , Melbourne , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric P F","family":"Chow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Clinical School, Monash University , Melbourne , Australia"},{"name":"Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Hospital , Melbourne , Australia"},{"name":"Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne , Melbourne , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Warittha","family":"Tieosapjaroen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Hospital , Melbourne , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenny","family":"Ly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Hospital , Melbourne , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcus Y","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Clinical School, Monash University , Melbourne , Australia"},{"name":"Melbourne Sexual Health Centre, Alfred Hospital , Melbourne , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022070118382452700_dkac118-B1","article-title":"WHO guidelines for the treatment of Neisseria gonorrhoeae"},{"key":"2022070118382452700_dkac118-B2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines, 2015","volume":"64","author":"Workowski","year":"2015","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"2022070118382452700_dkac118-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462412472837","article-title":"2012 European guideline on the diagnosis and treatment of gonorrhoea in adults","volume":"24","author":"Bignell","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J STD AIDS"},{"key":"2022070118382452700_dkac118-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e627","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-5247(21)00171-3","article-title":"WHO global antimicrobial resistance surveillance for Neisseria gonorrhoeae 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AIDS"},{"key":"2022070118382452700_dkac118-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1071\/SH19023","article-title":"World Health Organization Global Gonococcal Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (WHO GASP): review of new data and evidence to inform international collaborative actions and research efforts","volume":"16","author":"Unemo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sex Health"},{"key":"2022070118382452700_dkac118-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2141","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkq289","article-title":"Cephalosporin MIC creep among gonococci: time for a pharmacodynamic rethink?","volume":"65","author":"Chisholm","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"2022070118382452700_dkac118-B10","article-title":"Australian STI Management Guidelines for use in primary care"},{"key":"2022070118382452700_dkac118-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2010.044586","article-title":"Azithromycin in the treatment of 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