{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T02:48:34Z","timestamp":1788058114956,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,29]],"date-time":"2022-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664409600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["32172852"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32172852"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["31902309"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31902309"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Henan Provincial Science Fund","award":["222300420005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["222300420005"]}]},{"name":"Central Plains Scholars Fund of Henan Province","award":["202101510003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202101510003"]}]},{"name":"Henan Province Traditional Chinese Medicine Industry Technology System"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The increased resistance of bacterial pathogens to fluoroquinolones (FQs), such as norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin, supports the need to develop new antibacterial drugs and combination therapies using conventional antibiotics. The LuxS\/AI-2 quorum sensing (QS) system can regulate the complex group behaviour of Streptococcus suis and impact its susceptibility to FQs.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We investigated the combination of paeoniflorin and norfloxacin as a novel and effective strategy against FQ-resistant S. suis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>FIC, AI-2 activity assay, real-time RT\u2013PCR and biofilm inhibition assays were performed to investigate the in vitro effect of paeoniflorin combined with norfloxacin. Mouse protection and mouse anti-infection assays were performed to investigate the in vivo effect of paeoniflorin combined with norfloxacin.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>FIC results showed that paeoniflorin and norfloxacin exert a synergistic bactericidal effect. Evidence was brought that paeoniflorin reduces the S. suis AI-2 activity and significantly down-regulates the transcription of the FQ efflux pump gene. In addition, paeoniflorin can inhibit biofilm formation, thereby promoting the ability of norfloxacin to kill S. suis. Finally, we showed in a mouse model that paeoniflorin in association with norfloxacin is effective to treat S. suis infections.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study highlighted the inhibitory potential of paeoniflorin on the LuxS\/AI-2 QS system of S. suis, and provided evidence that it can inhibit the FQ efflux pump and prevent biofilm formation to cooperate with norfloxacin in the treatment of resistant S. suis-related infections.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkac313","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,29]],"date-time":"2022-09-29T14:49:00Z","timestamp":1664462940000},"page":"3275-3282","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Paeoniflorin combined with norfloxacin ameliorates drug-resistant <i>Streptococcus suis<\/i> infection"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"Jinpeng","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang, Henan , China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathogen and Immunology of Animal of Luoyang , Luoyang, Henan , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingying","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang, Henan , China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathogen and Immunology of Animal of Luoyang , Luoyang, Henan , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Zuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology , Luoyang, Henan , China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathogen 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