{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T19:58:26Z","timestamp":1789588706687,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"Supplement_2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]],"date-time":"2022-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669334400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Gilead Sciences Europe Ltd"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The discovery of amphotericin B, a polyene antifungal compound, in the 1950s, and the formulation of this compound in a liposomal drug delivery system, has resulted in decades of use in systemic fungal infections. The use of liposomal amphotericin B formulation is referenced in many international guidelines for the treatment of fungal infections such as Aspergillus and cryptococcal disease and Candida infections, as well as other less common infections such as visceral leishmaniasis. With the development of liposomal amphotericin B, an improved therapeutic index could be achieved that allowed the attainment of higher drug concentrations in both the plasma and tissue while simultaneously lowering the toxicity compared with amphotericin B deoxycholate. In over 30\u2005years of experience with this drug, a vast amount of information has been collected on preclinical and clinical efficacy against a wide variety of pathogens, as well as evidence on its toxicity. This article explores the history and nature of the liposomal formulation, the key clinical studies that developed the pharmacokinetic, safety and efficacy profile of the liposomal formulation, and the available microbiological data.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkac351","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,30]],"date-time":"2022-09-30T16:46:39Z","timestamp":1664556399000},"page":"ii3-ii10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Liposomal amphotericin B\u2014the past"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"77","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7618-725X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R J","family":"Br\u00fcggemann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, and Radboudumc Institute of Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen , The Netherlands"},{"name":"Center of Expertise in Mycology Radboudumc\/CWZ, Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G M","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Development and Manufacturing, Gilead Sciences Inc. , La Verne, CA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Lass-Fl\u00f6rl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hygiene, Medical Microbiology and Public Health, Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Innsbruck , Innsbruck , Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022112510090945900_dkac351-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1057\/9781137377029","volume-title":"Fungal Disease in Britain and the United States 1850\u20132000: Mycoses and Modernity","author":"Homei","year":"2013"},{"key":"2022112510090945900_dkac351-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.3390\/jof6040321","article-title":"Amphotericin B and other polyenes\u2014discovery, clinical use, mode of action and drug resistance","volume":"6","author":"Carolus","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Fungi (Basel)"},{"key":"2022112510090945900_dkac351-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2736(74)90330-7","article-title":"Polyene antibiotic-sterol interactions in membranes of Acholeplasma laidlawii cells and lecithin liposomes. 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