{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T18:28:54Z","timestamp":1787855334383,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":173,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"Supplement_2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]],"date-time":"2022-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669334400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Gilead Sciences Europe Ltd"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Advances in medicine have led to a growing number of people with compromised or suppressed immune systems who are susceptible to invasive fungal infections. In particular, severe fungal infections are becoming increasingly common in ICUs, affecting people within and outside of traditional risk groups alike. This is exemplified by the emergence of severe viral pneumonia as a significant risk factor for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, and the recognition of influenza-associated pulmonary aspergillosis and, more recently, COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The treatment landscape for haematological malignancies has changed considerably in recent years, and some recently introduced targeted agents, such as ibrutinib, are increasing the risk of invasive fungal infections. Consideration must also be given to the risk of drug\u2013drug interactions between mould-active azoles and small-molecule kinase inhibitors.<\/jats:p><jats:p>At the same time, infections caused by rare moulds and yeasts are increasing, and diagnosis continues to be challenging. There is growing concern about azole resistance among both moulds and yeasts, mandating continuous surveillance and personalized treatment strategies.<\/jats:p><jats:p>It is anticipated that the epidemiology of fungal infections will continue to change and that new populations will be at risk. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment remain the most important predictors of survival, and broad-spectrum antifungal agents will become increasingly important. Liposomal amphotericin B will remain an essential therapeutic agent in the armamentarium needed to manage future challenges, given its broad antifungal spectrum, low level of acquired resistance and limited potential for drug\u2013drug interactions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkac353","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]],"date-time":"2022-11-25T12:17:52Z","timestamp":1669378672000},"page":"ii21-ii34","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Liposomal amphotericin B\u2014the future"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"77","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1653-2824","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M","family":"Hoenigl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz , Graz , Austria"},{"name":"BioTechMed-Graz , Graz , Austria"},{"name":"European Confederation of Medical Mycology (ECMM) Excellence Center, Medical University of Graz , Graz , Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2002-4339","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Infectious Diseases Hospital, IRCSS S\u2019Orsola-Malpighi, University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F L","family":"van de Veerdonk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8600-9860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P E","family":"Verweij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center\u2014CWZ Center of Expertise for Mycology , Nijmegen , The Netherlands"},{"name":"Center for Infectious Disease Research, Diagnostics and Laboratory Surveillance, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) , Bilthoven , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9599-3137","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"O A","family":"Cornely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Translational Research, Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) , Cologne , Germany"},{"name":"University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf (CIO ABCD) and Excellence Center for Medical Mycology (ECMM) , Cologne , Germany"},{"name":"German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne , Cologne , 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