{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T18:07:04Z","timestamp":1790791624724,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,23]],"date-time":"2024-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708646400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institute for Public Health and the Environment"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Recently, reports on antimicrobial-resistant Bacteroides and Prevotella isolates have increased in the Netherlands. This urged the need for a surveillance study on the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Bacteroides, Phocaeicola, Parabacteroides and Prevotella isolates consecutively isolated from human clinical specimens at eight different Dutch laboratories.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Each laboratory collected 20\u201325 Bacteroides (including Phocaeicola and Parabacteroides) and 10\u201315 Prevotella isolates for 3\u2005months. At the national reference laboratory, the MICs of amoxicillin, amoxicillin\/clavulanic acid, piperacillin\/tazobactam, meropenem, imipenem, metronidazole, clindamycin, tetracycline and moxifloxacin were determined using agar dilution. Isolates with a high MIC of metronidazole or a carbapenem, or harbouring cfiA, were subjected to WGS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron\/faecis isolates had the highest MIC90 values, whereas Bacteroides fragilis had the lowest MIC90 values for amoxicillin\/clavulanic acid, piperacillin\/tazobactam, meropenem, imipenem and moxifloxacin. The antimicrobial profiles of the different Prevotella species were similar, except for amoxicillin, for which the MIC50 ranged from 0.125 to 16\u2005mg\/L for Prevotella bivia and Prevotella buccae, respectively. Three isolates with high metronidazole MICs were sequenced, of which one Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron isolate harboured a plasmid-located nimE gene and a Prevotella melaninogenica isolate harboured a nimA gene chromosomally.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>Five Bacteroides isolates harboured a cfiA gene and three had an IS element upstream, resulting in high MICs of carbapenems. The other two isolates harboured no IS element upstream of the cfiA gene and had low MICs of carbapenems.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Variations in resistance between species were observed. To combat emerging resistance in anaerobes, monitoring resistance and conducting surveillance are essential.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkae043","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,13]],"date-time":"2024-02-13T08:35:53Z","timestamp":1707813353000},"page":"868-874","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Antimicrobial susceptibility profile of clinically relevant\n                    <i>Bacteroides<\/i>\n                    ,\n                    <i>Phocaeicola<\/i>\n                    ,\n                    <i>Parabacteroides<\/i>\n                    and\n                    <i>Prevotella<\/i>\n                    species, isolated by eight laboratories in the Netherlands"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"79","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7704-7614","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K E","family":"Boiten","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University Medical Center Groningen, 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Center for Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC) , Leiden , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L G M","family":"Bode","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center (Erasmus MC) , Rotterdam , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I","family":"Maat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W","family":"van der Zwet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Infection Prevention, Maastricht University Medical Center+ , Maastricht , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Jansz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PAMM Laboratory of Medical Microbiology , Veldhoven , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T J H","family":"Siebers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Certe , Groningen , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J W A","family":"Rossen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands"},{"name":"Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, and Isala Academy, Isala Hospital , Zwolle , The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine , Salt Lake City , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S C","family":"de Greeff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Infectious Disease Control (CIb), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) , Bilthoven , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4431-9323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A P A","family":"Hendrickx","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Infectious Disease Control (CIb), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) , Bilthoven , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E J","family":"Kuijper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Infectious Disease Control (CIb), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) , Bilthoven , The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Center for Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC) , Leiden , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A C M","family":"Veloo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024040202342743000_dkae043-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S1075-9964(95)80340-8","article-title":"Anaerobic infections in humans: an 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